一、短语动词的定义:短语动词是由动词加介词、副词或其他词构成的词组,其作用和动词差不多。有些短语动词相当于及物动词,有些则相当于不及物动词。
二、短语动词的种类:
1 动词+介词 这类短语动词的宾语不论是名词还是人称代词,都要放在短语动词的后面。
例如:①He has been asked to account for his absence.已要求他说明缺席的原因。
②The murderer did not reckon on the policeman's finding the gun.杀人犯没料到警察会发现那把枪的。
2 动词+副词 这类短语动词,有的相当于一个及物动词。
例如:①They were so far away that I couldn't make out their faces clearly.他们离得那么远,我没法把他们的脸辨认清楚。
②Trains stop here in order to pick up passengers only.火车停在这里只是为了接送乘客。
注意:这类短语动词相当于及物动词时,若宾语为名词,一般既可放在短语动词之后,也可放在动词和副词之间。若短语动词的直接宾语为代词,则位于动词与副词之间。
3. 动词+名词/代词+介词 在这类结构中间的名词前有时可加冠词或形容词。
例如:①In some countries,people are making use of the heat in the center of the earth. 在一些国家,人们利用地球中心的热量。
②They have made a (terrible) mess of the house.他们把房子弄得一团糟。
4. 动词+副词+介词
例如:①Young adults must break away from their parents' control in order to achieve independence and maturity.为了达到自立和思想成熟,年轻人必须摆脱父母亲对他们的支配。
②Have the lawyers checked up on the court proceedings very carefully?律师们是否打算把法庭的记录仔细审查一遍呢?
短语动词 知识点题库
My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking, but at least he has ______.
A . cut outB . cut downC . cut upD . cut off
You have no idea what I've had to ______ in finding the proper job in the last few months.
A . come throughB . go throughC . get throughD . cut through
As a student, you must _______ your teachers.
A . show respect forB . show respect toC . show respects forD . show respects to
All the people on the list must be told to attend the meeting; you must make sure that no one is _______.
A . left outB . set aside C . cut offD . kept away
Although an earthquake has just happened, people here still ______ their lives as usual.
A . go aboutB . go throughC . get aboutD . get through
The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather ________ the helplessness of the crew.
A . added toB . resulted fromC . turned outD . made up
He hadn't been asked to the party and was feeling _______________.
A . left outB . broken downC . got overD . cut off
When making a speech, it is important to __________ one's message__________ to the audience.
A . get; awayB . get; outC . get; acrossD . get; down
Although at the age of 30 and much older than the other players, Zhang Ning __________ to win the gold medal in the final match.
A . hung upB . hung onC . hung aboutD . hung out
Hundreds of football fans were t away from the stadium because it was full.
I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson ______ .
A . cut inB . cut downC . cut outD . cut up
Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just ________ sweet dreams.
A . make up withB . end up withC . put up withD . catch up with
If you don't know the meaning of the word ,you can ____the dictionary.
A . refer toB . look intoC . look upD . check
If you do fall out of the boat, your lifejacket will help you to ______ until we can fish you out.
A . stand upB . keep upC . follow upD . stay up
Not until we saw the manager did we know that the bank ________the company for the purpose of reducing its borrowings.
A . took part inB . caused damage toC . put pressure onD . drew attention to
Since taking the doctor's advice, I have _________ jogging in the morning every day.
A . catered toB . taken toC . applied toD . subscribed to
The government (呼吁)all to pay more attention to environment protection.
You can't predict everything. Often things don't ________ as you expect.