政治经济文化类 知识点题库

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的三个选项(A、 B和C)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

                                                    How are American families different from Chinese families?

     In some ways American families are very different from Chinese ones, and in other ways, they are 1. American families, for example, enjoy family dinners, support and love each other Just as Chinese families   2. The differences come from culture, however. Many Chinese students are3to learn that American teenagers are allowed to make many decisions on their own, and that parents want their children to 4home at eighteen.

      In most American families, children are encouraged to make their own choices 5 a young age. They start with small choices and gradually 6  ones until they graduate from high school. That is when they  face the biggest decision of their lives:  7to do next. Parents and family will help with the choice, but the children themselve make the final decision.

     Americans 8 move back into family homes when they get older. Instead, they prefer to have their own9 for as long as possible. It is important to remember that these are cultural differences, and that Americans see this as10of the culture.

   How many kinds of music do you know ? There is classical music, 1 music, country music, rap (说唱音乐) and so on. I think every type of music has its own 2. For example, I think country music is so beautiful and rap is very cool. My favorite kind of music is pop music 3 it is very interesting and exciting. It can make me feel very 4 .
   Now I want to tell you5 about my favorite singer and music group. My favorite singer is Jolin. Her Chinese name is Cai Yilin. She has a very beautiful 6 and her songs very wonderful. I love her song Say Love You, The Smell of Lemon Grass and Pirates best. What do you 7 these songs ? I hope Jolin has a good time every day.  8 my favorite music group ? That is S.H.E. Their songs are so cool that I have never 9 a chance to watch their performances.10 to music is also good for me. It can make me feel relaxed and less lonely when I stay at home alone.

完形填空
   More than three thousand languages are spoken in the world today . Many of these languages are spoken 1small groups of people . On the 2,hand , over two hundred languages are spoken by one million or more people . Chinese is the language spoken by the 3number of people in the world . But English is most  4spoken in the world .
   English is spoken by more than four hundred million people  5 their first language . It is 6 by most people in the U.S.A. , Great Britain , Canada , Australia and New Zealand . And it is 7 used very widely in many other countries of the world . Look at the back of your watch . You may see the English words “Made 8 China” , or “Japan” , even “Germany” .
English is the first language in 9 of these . Why are English words 10on it ? That is because in the modern world English is widely used for business between different countries .

   Do you know what are good manners (礼貌)？In fact , having good manners is1 in different countries . In some Asian countries , it is good manners to take off your 2 before you go into a house .3  in European countries , even if they sometimes are very dirty, this is not done. If you are a guest (客人)in a Chinese house , when you have a meal , you usually do not 4 food . You often leave a little to show that you have had 5 . But in England , a guest always finishes food to show that he 6 it . We must know the customs (风俗) of other countries , so that they will not think 7 bad--mannered . People all over the world8 that a well—mannered person should be kind and9  to others. If you remember this , at least you will not go far wrong . Everybody likes a person10 good manners , and no one likes a person with bad manners. Keep your manners, please . 

Cars are very popular in America. When the kids are fourteen years old. They dream of having their own 1. Many students work after school to 2 a car. In most places 3 people learn to drive in high school. They have to take a 4 test to get a license. Learning to drive and getting a driver's 5 may be one of the most exciting things in their lives. For many, that piece of paper is an important symbol(象征)that they are now grown-ups.
Americans seem to love their cars almost more than anything else. People almost never go to see a doctor when they are 6. But they will take 7 cars to a “hospital” at the smallest sign of a problem. At weekends, people 8 most of the time in washing and waxing(打蜡) their cars. For some families it is not enough to have 9 car. They often have two or even three. Husbands need a car to go to work. Housewives need a car to go shopping or to take the children to school or 10 activities.

Sunshine Zoo is a nice place to visit. Walk from the South Gate, go  1 , and you will find the Panda House. Pandas are  2  . They like eating   3  . To the north of the Panda House, you'll find the   4. They are the kings of the animal world. Remember not to go near them because they are  5. To the west of  6 Area, you will see lots of birds. They can make beautiful sounds. Go on and you will see the clever and  7 monkeys. To the east of the Monkeys' Forest, you will see the giraffes. The giraffe has a long   8 . It is the tallest animal on the earth(地球). To the north-east of the giraffes, there is a  9  . Cross it, and you will see the elephants. Their ears are 10 open fans.

      It's never easy to admit（承认）you are in the wrong. We all 1 to know the art of apology（道歉）. Think how often you've done wrong. Then count how many 2 you've expressed clearly you were3 . You can't go to bed with an easy mind if you do 4 about it.
4      A doctor friend, Mr Lieb, told me about a man who came to him with different kinds of signs: headaches, heart trouble and insomnia（失眠症）. 5 some careful exams, Mr Lieb found nothing wrong with him and said, “If you don't tell me what's6 you, I can't help you”.
    The man admitted he was cheating（骗取） his brother of his inheritance（遗产）. Then and there the clever doctor 7 the man write to his brother and8 his money. As soon as the letter was put into the post box, the man suddenly cried.“Thank you ,” he said to the doctor, “I think I've got well.”
      An apology can not only save a broken relationship（关系）, but also make it 9 . If you can think of someone who should be 10 an apology from you, do something about in right now.

完形填空。

   “Where is the university(大学)?” This is a question that many visitors to Cambridge(剑桥)ask. But no one can give them a 1 answer, for there is no wall to be found around the university. The university is the city. You can find classroom buildings, 2, museums and offices of the university all over the city. And most of its members are the students and 3 of the thirty-one colleges(学院).

    Cambridge was already a developing town long before the first students and teachers arrived 800 years 4. It grew up by the river Granta, and the river was once called the Cam. A 5 was built over the river as early as 875. 6 the town got its name "Cambridge".

    In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries more and 7 land was used for college buildings. The town grew much 8 in the nineteenth century after the opening of the railway in 1845. Cambridge became a 9 in 1951 and now it has a population of over 100, 000. Many young students in 10 countries hope to study at Cambridge. Thousands of people from all over the world come to visit the university town. It has become a famous place all around the world.

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1-15 小题所给的A、B、C 和D 项中选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

    Many, many years ago most people did not have beautiful books. Some families did not have books at all. The people 1 did have books had only a few.

    Instead of 2 books, people told stories. They would remember things 3 happened to them and would retell these tales to friends.

    Some stories you read in books today 4 to children many years ago by their fathers and mothers. 5 those girls and boys grew up, they, in turn, told their children the same tales.

    Sometimes the stories changed as one man told 6. That is why today there are different beginnings and different endings to the same folk tales. You 7 different names for all kinds of characters in the different versions(版本) of the tales. In this way the stories almost seem 8 different ones and not your favorite tales at all.

    Some people 9 stories. They would suppose 10 things which had happened could not really have happened. Such people became 11 as storytellers.

    In many of the tales, animals did the talking. In others, good men came to help bad men.

    Strange, exciting things 12. The different ideas made interesting stories.

    Some of the early tales, 13 them Mother Goose verses were told in rhyme. The poems were learned by boys and girls at home and at school.

    What Mother Goose rhymes do you know and remember? Do you think there was 14 a Mother Goose? Mother Goose stories and rhymes are 15 good ones that we read and enjoy them today, years after they were first told.

通读全文，根据短文理解，选择正确答案。  

    Dragon Boat Festival is 1. It is a holiday 2 a long history. We all have a 3 during Dragon Boat Festival. Because Dragon Boat Festival is a(n) 4 and interesting festival in China. It comes in the 5 lunar (农历) month around the middle June.

    People celebrate it 6 many ways. One of them is to have dragon boat races. Dragon boats are 7 and special. More than ten people 8 on a boat. They often get everything ready 9 the race comes. They practice more because they want to have 10 results. Lots of people come to 11 and enjoy the race.

    In some cities, it is a festival for the 12. Children 13red and yellow strings (线). With these, they think they will get away from the ghosts. Parents buy sweets and other delicious food 14 their children. They usually get together to 15 a big dinner on that day.

通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

    Every April, there is a special day when people remember and honor their ancestors (祖先). It is called Tomb (坟墓)-Sweeping Day, also known as Qingming Festival. This year, the day 1 on April 4th.

    Tomb-Sweeping Day is a(n)2 Chinese festival. It began over 2,000 years ago. A well-known poem by the Tang Dynasty poet Du Mu 3 the day: “Rains fall heavily as Qingming comes, and passersby with lowered spirits go. A drizzling rain falls on the mourning Day, the mourner's heart is breaking on his way.”

    Tomb-Sweeping Day has been a public 4 on the Chinese mainland since 2008. On this day,5 bring flowers, food and wine to their ancestors' tombs (坟墓). They put food like cakes and fruits in front of the tombs. After that, they 6 the dirt (尘土) off the tombs and remember their dead family members.

    7 do Chinese people do this? That's because people think that visiting tombs during Qingming Festival is to 8 respect (尊重) to their dead family members.

    However, Tomb-Sweeping Day is not only about this. During that time, the weather is getting 9. So Tomb-Sweeping Day also means finally being able to garden and enjoy outdoor activities in China. Families often 10 for outings or fly kites at this time.

阅读理解

    If you go to Hong Kong by air, you will arrive at Kai Tak Airport. Because there was no enough land, it was built out into the sea. It is in the part of Hong Kong called Kowloon. Kowloon is one of the two big cities in Hong Kong.

    The other city is Hong Kong itself. It is on an island. You can get there by ship or through a tunnel under the sea. Much of Hong Kong is farmland and mountains.

    The population of Hong Kong is over 6 million. Most of them are Chinese. Chinese and English are spoken by many people there.

    Clothes, computers, radios and TVs are made in Hong Kong. You can watch dog—racing or motor—racing. Some places are quiet and beautiful. When you are hot and tired, there are small and cool gardens to rest in. There are also a lot of tall buildings to live in. Hong Kong is also a good place for Chinese cooking. You can enjoy many kinds of Chinese cooking, for example, fish, meat and vegetables. Beijing Roast Duck is famous as well. There is certainly a lot to see and to do in Hong Kong.

    In 1997, Hong Kong was returned to China. It's a part of China.

完形填空

    People all over the world celebrate the New Year. However, not all countries celebrate in the same way, and in some countries, the new year doesn't begin on the 1 day every year.

    In many countries, the New Year begins on 1st January, but people start celebrating on 31st December, New Year's Eve. In New York many people go to celebrate in Times Square. 2  they're waiting for the New Year, they listen to music, sing traditional songs and have fun. Just before 12 o'clock, everyone 3 down from 10: 10, 9, 8… As soon as it's 12 o'clock, everyone shouts very 4, “Happy New Year!”

    New Year's Day is often a family day. Some families get together for a special meal. When the weather is fine, many families go out for a 5.

    On New Year's Day, many people make resolutions for the new year. They 6a list of things, such as “I will help out more with housework. I will work 7 at school than others.” or “I won't spend so much time playing video games.” When they have made their 8, they read it to their family or friends and promise to 9 their resolutions(办法).

    So it doesn't matter how they celebrate. 10 people in countries all over the world, it's a time to say goodbye to the old year, and to welcome the new.

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    Mother's Day is a holiday for mothers. It is celebrated in the United States, England, Sweden, India, Mexico and other 1. Little by little, it 2 widely celebrated.

    Mother's Day falls on the second Sunday in May. 3, many people send 4 of love to their mothers. Those whose mothers are still living 5 a pink or red rose, while those whose mothers are 6 wear a white one.

    The 7 of a day for mothers was first given by Miss Anna Jarvis of Philadelphia. As a result of her hard work, the celebration for the first American Mother's Day 8 in Philadelphia on May 10, 1908. Soon the 9 became popular all over the 10 and around the world.

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    Can you cut an apple with a playing card (扑克牌)? Can you write with one hand and draw with 1? Well, some people can, and they all show their2 talents on the television program, China's Got Talent.

    The TV program is getting more and more3 in China. Many people watch it every week4 they wonder how talented one can be.

    Talent shows 5 in Britain. And now there are similar shows in lots of countries 6the world. China's Got Talent is the newest, but it7others. When people show their special talents, they also 8 their most touching or funniest stories. Most of them don't want to be famous. They9 want to make their family laugh and want to make others laugh, too.

    We all have a10. It may be big or small. What's your talent? Maybe you can be the next star on China's Got Talent!

完形填空

    London is such a wonderful city. It is very large. The Thames River runs 1 the city from west to east. So the city has 2 parts: the South and the North. In the North, there are important buildings, shops, big parks and interesting places.

    The weather in London is good. In winter it is not very cold and in summer it is not very hot 3 the city is near the sea. People say 4 London is a foggy city and it often rains. It is true.

    Last year, when I 5 in London I met one of the 6 fogs in years. You could hardly see your hand in front of your face. Cars and buses moved along with their lights on. When evening fell, the weather 7 even worse. The fog was as thick as milk. 8 the buses and cars stopped. I happened 9 an important meeting on the other side of the town, but it was impossible to find a car. I had to get there 10.

阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

    November 21 is World Hello Day. At school, we learned that "How do you do?" and "How are you?" are standard ways to say hello when 1 others. But do you know how to respond (回答) them? Do native (本土的) speakers still use them today? As we learned, "How do you do?" is for greeting someone we meet for the 2 time. And it can be responded with the same " 3 ". "How are you?" is often used to greet someone we are 4 with. It usually follows with a response of "I'm fine, and you?" or "I'm well, and you?".

    But English is a casual (随意的) language. The formal "How do you do?" is seldom said by native speakers. It is 5 old-fashioned. Yet they greet each other in many other 6.

    You may hear a 7 between British people: "You all right?" "Yeah, you?" "I'm good. Any plans for the weekend?" or "How's it going?" "Yeah, fine, and you?" These ways of greeting are 8 for young people to say hello to friends.

    Americans like saying "What's up?" or "What's good?" to friends. Don't be confused (混乱的). It doesn't mean "What's wrong?". It is just one way of saying 9 And people usually respond "Not much." 10"Nothing.". "Hey, man." is also popular. But it is only used among males. What do females say? You guess it. They often say "Hey, 11.".

    If you 12 an Australian, you may hear "G'day, mate." It means " 13 " You can respond with the same "G'day."

    However, there is no 14 to say hello to each other. If you can't remember all of the above, just choose "How are you?". This is the15 common and standard way for people of all ages. You can reply with "Pretty good." "Same as usual." or "I'm hanging in there."

Choose the best answer and complete the passage.

    It's very interesting to study names of different countries. Chinese names are different1foreign names. Once an English lady came to2me. When I was introduced to her, she said, "Glad to meet you, Miss Ping." Then she gave me her name card with three words on it: "Betty J. Black". So I said "Thank you, Miss Betty." We looked at each other and laughed heartily. Later I found that the English people3their family names last and the given names first, while their middle names were not used very much. I explained to her that the Chinese put family names first, the given names last, so she should4call me Miss Ping. She asked if we Chinese had a middle name. I told her we didn't.5people may often find three words on a Chinese name card. In this case, the family name still comes first, the other words after it was a two-word given name. It is quite usual in China. My sister is Li Xiaofang. She has two words in her given name instead of just one6   mine.

Choose the best answer and complete the passage.

    "Readers(《朗读者》"is a popular TV show. It invites1people to read aloud on the stage(舞台). Some are famous actors and actresses. Some are students. Some work in different places. The show also tells the moving stories behind those people. They can read everything, like poems, books, and letters. By reading aloud, the 2 on the paper come to life.

    Many people are fans of the show. They begin to 3 reading aloud at home. Now, the show gives people a special 4 to read across China. It is a reading pavilion( 朗读亭). They are in many cities, including Shanghai, Hangzhou and Xi'an.

    The pavilion is very small. Only one person can come into it each time. There is a microphone in it and it records(录下) people's voices. Everyone can read for three minutes in the pailion. They can read anything they like. The show will 5some of the readers to read on TV.

    People of all ages read in the pavilion. "Reading should be just like singing and talking," said Dong Qing, the host and producer(制作人) of the show." We can express our 6 feelings by reading aloud.

完形填空

    The Spring Festival is one of the most important festivals in China. During the Festival, Chinese people have many activities. They paste up Spring Festival couplets(春联), greeting the New Year and saying1 to the old year. On the first day of the Spring Festival, people 2 wearing new clothes. Nowadays, children get    3  pockets from their parents and their relatives by WeChat. It is a good time for people to visit relatives and friends. More importantly, the Spring Festival is celebrated not only in China but also in 4 parts of the world.

    The Spring Festival has also been 5 in the UK since 1980. Every new year, people also get together and have lots of activities. They sing songs, dance6 music, share photos with friends or watch7 in the cinema. Additionally, the Spring Festival has become a key time for Chinese living in the US. They 8 in a large evening party to welcome the traditional new year. The Chinese New Year will be welcomed with three weeks of celebrations across Australia. Thousands of people come to Sydney's Chinatown. They enjoy fireworks (鞭炮)and lion dances. The family dinner on New Year's Eve is an important tradition for Chinese9 they were born in Singapore or moved there from China. They usually hold it at 10 because having it in a restaurant takes away the meaning of the tradition.