牛津译林版（2019）必修第二册 Unit 1 Lights camera action!课时作业Section Ⅱ

Each year the International Federation of Film Producers Associations (FIAPF) gives approval to more than 50 film festivals worldwide. Below are four of the most important events.

Berlin International Film Festival

Film producers have been competing for the Golden Bear Award at the Berlin International Film Festival or Berlinale, since 1951. About 400 films are shown at the fortnight long festival held in February every year. As well as being one of the world's most prestigious (声望很高的) film festivals, with over 300, 000 tickets sold, the Berlinale is also one of the biggest film festivals.

Venice International Film Festival

The Venice International Film Festival is the oldest film festival still in existence. It was first held in 1932, attracting more than 25, 000 people. The festival is held in August and September and the top prize is the Golden Lion. Films that were screened as world premieres (全球首映) at the 61st Venice International Film Festival in 2004 were recommended for 16 of the Oscars that year.

Cannes International Film Festival

The first Cannes International Film Festival was held in September 1946, but moved to May during the 1950s. The festival established itself during the 1960s, and has secured its status as the world's most prestigious ever since, attracting over 40, 000 movie industry workers every year. About 20 films compete for the Golden Palm Award (金棕榈奖), but unlike the Oscars, the top prize is frequently shared between two films.

London International Film Festival

The London International Film Festival started in 1953 when a group of film critics  (评论家) decided over dinner that London needed a film festival. The first festival showed 20 films and its aim was to give the public the chance to see films from around the world that were not being shown in the cinema. It's now one of Europe's largest public film events, screening over 300 films from all over the world. It is held in October and is non­competitive.

New movies set the holiday eve record

Chinese moviegoers set a box office (票房) record for the eve of the week—long National Day holiday. By 9：30 p. m. September 30, new movies had brought in 630 million yuan.

The major movies contributing to the box office record were My People, My Country, The Captain and The Climbers.

My People, My Country ranked first by bringing in around 270 million yuan. It was made up of seven short stories which were set in historic moments to look back at New China's 70 years of existence. The movie was co­directed by Chen Kaige, Zhang Yibai, Guan Hu, Xue Xiaolu, Xu Zheng, Ning Hao and Wen Muye.

Another well­received film, The Captain, earned 194 million yuan, occupying the second place. Starring actor Zhang Hanyu, the film is based on heroic Sichuan Airlines pilot Liu Chuanjian, who completed one of the most miraculous  (奇迹的)  emergency  landings  in China's civil aviation (民航) history.

Also adapted from real events, The Climbers earned 157 million yuan. With an excellent cast including Zhang Ziyi and Wu Jing, the film is about Chinese mountaineers' climbing to the top of Mount Qomolangma.

Wu Jing said the film filled a gap in the market, with sports­themed titles quite rare in the world's second­largest movie market.

Besides the three movies, eight other films will be on during the holiday ending on Oct. 7.

Have you ever seen a movie in which a building was burned down or a bridge was destroyed? Have you seen films in which two trains crashed or a ship1into the ocean? If2, you may have wondered how these things could happen without3the actors and actresses in the film.

The man who knows the4is the special­effects man. He has one of the most important5in the film industry. He may be ordered to6a flood or to make a battlefield explode. But he may also be told to create a7effect which is much less exciting,8just as important to the success of the film.

In a9for one movie there was a big glass bowl filled with water in which small fish were swimming. The director of the movie10the fish to stop swimming suddenly11they seemed to stare at  (盯着看) an actor. Then the director wanted the fish to12staring and swim. But fish can't be ordered to do anything. It was quite a problem.

The special­effects man thought about the problem for a long time. The result was an idea for13the fish with a harmless use of electricity.14he applied electricity to the fish bowl causing the fish to be absolutely still. Then he rapidly reduced the amount of15, allowing the fish to be free. Thus he got the humorous effect the director wanted.