四川省泸县4中2021-2022学年高二下学期第一次月考试英语试题

Heritage sites are universally considered as the places where you can learn about the history of human development and social evolution. Therefore, if you have a keen interest in meeting your curiosity about it, the following on the UNESCO's World Heritage List will be a must-check list for you.

Dinosaur Provincial Park, Canada

The park is best known for its extensive fossil beds, within which 35 species of dinosaurs from about 100 to 65 million years ago have been identified. There are also fossilized remains of fish, reptiles, and amphibians. The area was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1979.

Salonga National Park, Congo

This is the largest reserve in Congo, covering more than 14,000 square miles. The park was established in 1970. The thick forest provides habitats for various animals like parrots, elephants and monkeys. Park visitors observe the animals from motorized river boats. The park was entered into the list of UNESCO World Heritage sites in 1984.

Hadrian's Wall, England

This is a Roman barrier that guarded the border of Britain. Hadrian (ruled 117- 138 CE) went to Britain in 122 and was the first to build a wall, 80 miles long, to separate the Romans from the barbarians(野蛮人). There was no intention of fighting from the wall top; the soldiers there were trained to encounter the enemy in the open. In 1987, Hadrian's Wall was recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage site.

Easter Island, Chile

This place is famous for its huge stone statues. The first European visitors, the Dutch, named it Easter Island in memory of their day of arrival. The small and hilly island was formed by volcanoes. Easter Island was added to UNESCO's World Heritage List in 1995.

When I was in fourth grade, I worked part-time as a paperboy. Mrs. Stanley was one of my customers. She'd watch me coming down her street, and by the time I'd biked up to her doorstep, there'd be a cold drink waiting. I'd sit and drink while she talked.

Mrs. Stanley talked mostly about her dead husband, "Mr. Stanley and I went shopping this morning." she'd say. The first time she said that, soda(汽水) went up my nose.

I told my father how Mrs. Stanley talked as if Mr. Stanley were still alive. Dad said she was probably lonely, and that I ought to sit and listen and nod my head and smile, and maybe she'd work it out of her system. So that's what I did, and it turned out Dad was right. After a while she seemed content to leave her husband over at the cemetery(墓地).

I finally quit delivering newspapers and didn't see Mrs. Stanley for several years. Then we crossed paths at a church fund-raiser(募捐活动). She was spooning mashed potatoes and looking happy. Four years before, she'd had to offer her paperboy a drink to have someone to talk with. Now she had friends. Her husband was gone, but life went on.

I live in the city now, and my paperboy is a lady named Edna with three kids. She asks me how I'm doing. When I don't say "fine", she sticks around to hear my problems. She's lived in the city most of her life, but she knows about community. Community isn't so much a place as it is a state of mind. You find it whenever people ask how you're doing because they care, and not because they're getting paid to do so. Sometimes it's good to just smile, nod your head and listen.

The Earth is facing a climate crisis, but it's also getting greener and leafier. According to new research, the rise is largely due to China and India.

A study by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), based on extensive satellite photographs and published in the journal Nature Sustainability, has revealed that the two countries with the world's biggest populations are also responsible for the largest increase in greenness.

Since 2000, the planet's green leaf area has increased by 5 percent, or over 2 million square miles. That's an area equivalent to the sum total of the Amazon rainforests, NASA says. But researchers stressed that the new greenery does not neutralize deforestation and its negative impacts on ecosystems elsewhere.

A third of the leaf increase is thanks to China and India, due to the implementation of major tree-planting projects alongside a vast increase in agriculture.

Using the data from a NASA sensor, researchers discovered that China is the source of a quarter of the increase in green leaf area, despite possessing only 6. 6 percent of the world's vegetated area (植被区). Forests account for 42 percent of that increase, while croplands make up a further 32 percent. China's increase in forest area is the result of forest preservation and expansion programs, NASA said, established to fight against the impacts of climate change, air pollution and soil erosion (水土流失). India has contributed a further 6. 8 percent rise in green leaf area, with 82 percent from croplands and 4. 4 percent from forests.

Rama Nemani, a co-author of the study and a researcher at NASA's Ames Research Center, said in a statement, "When the greening of the Earth was first observed, we thought it was due to a warmer, wetter climate and fertilization from the added carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, leading to more leaf growth in northern forests, for instance." "Now, with the data that lets us understand the phenomenon at really small scales, we see that humans are also contributing," Nemani said. "This will help scientists make better predictions about the behavior of different Earth systems, which will help countries make better decisions about how and when to take action. "

Thomas Pugh, a professor at the University of Birmingham's School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, said the NASA report expands scientists' understanding of the causes behind global greening. But he also cautioned that a direct line cannot be drawn between an increase in global greening and a decrease in negative impacts of climate change.

Video calls are a common occurrence, but have you imagined being able to touch the person on the other end of the line? Scientists are making this a reality. Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic(触觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch.

Haptic technology imitates the experience of touch by stimulating(刺激) localized areas of the skin in ways that are similar to what is felt in the real world through force, vibration(震动) or motion. Vibration is the most common haptic technology today and has been built into many electronic devices. However, the existing technology has great difficulty recreating the sense of touch with objects in virtual(虚拟的) environments or located remotely, according to Mai Thanh Thai, lead author of the study.

The new technology overcomes problems with existing haptic devices. The research team introduced a new method to recreate the sense of touch through soft, artificial "muscles".

"Our three-way directional skin stretch device, built into the fingertips of the wearable haptic glove we also created, is like wearing a second skin — it's soft, stretchable and imitates the sense of touch — and will enable new forms of haptic communication to improve everyday activities, said Thanh Nho Do, senior author of the study.

It works like this: Imagine you are at home and you call your friend who is in Australia. You wear a haptic glove with the SSDs and your friend also wears a glove with 3D force sensors. If your friend picks up an object, it will physically press against your friend's fingers. And their glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions. The force signals can be sent to your glove so your device will generate the same 3D forces, making you experience the same sense of touch as your friend.

The haptic devices could be applied in various situations, allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance. This could be especially beneficial during such times like the COVID-19 pandemic when people rely on video calls to stay connected with loved ones. Or it could be used in medical practices. Doctors can feel a patient's organ tissues(器官组织) with surgical tools without touching them.

What do you imagine when you think of a forest? You probably imagine a vast area of land covered with trees. But as many traditional forests are destroyed, tiny forests —some as small as a tennis court— have sprung up(涌现)in cities around the world. .

These mini forests are inspired by Akira Miyawaki, a botanist, or plant scientist from Japan who pioneered a special way of growing forests. It involves planting a wide variety of native trees close together and leaving them to grow into a forest. Miyawaki has planted more than 1,000 of these in Japan and other countries.

The Miyawaki method is said to grow trees 10 times faster than other methods. That's according to a 2018 study by Wageningen University, in the Netherlands. The study says the diversity of tree species attracts a greater variety of insects looking for food and shelter.

Boomforest is an organization in Paris, France. It planted two forests using the Japanese botanist's method. The group also teaches people how they can grow their own mini forests. In the Netherlands, IVN Nature Education has helped communities build 100 forests using the Miyawaki method. The group also educates kids about tiny forests.

Simon Lewis, a professor of global change science at University College London, is excited about tiny forests. He explains that it's important to grow trees because they absorb carbon dioxide. He hopes more people will use the Miyawaki method to plant mini forests.

A. It plans to double that number by 2022.

B. The Miyawaki method has become popular in Europe.

C. They're increasing biodiversity (生物多样性) and fighting climate change.

D. That's a gas that contributes to climate change.

E. Lewis points to trees grown and cut down to make paper.

F. It's known as the Miyawaki method.

G. And these tiny forests are more bio-diverse than traditional forests.

I'm about to begin my fifth season of tree planting. Each year, around this time, I have 1 feelings about the job. Never have I 2 a job so much while hating it with equal 3. Before a season, after living in the coziness(舒适) of my home for the winter months, I begin  to 4 for the challenges of life in the bush.

I mainly plant trees on the coast of British Columbia and get paid between 25 and 45 cents a tree. The job can be 5: it gives planters the opportunity to 6 a roaming (漫游的) lifestyle, and also allows them to 7 their bank accounts. But there are many challenges.

In the early hours of the morning, we join our teams and travel along 8 roads deep into the 9. When stepping out of the trucks, often in the pouring rain, we fill our bags with hundreds of tiny trees. Having done the job together for some years, many 10 tree-planters treat this more like a sport than a job, and 11 fills the air.

Once our bags are full, we 12 forward without hesitation. We jump from log to log(原木,木头). We push through thick bushes. We constantly 13 and rise to our feet 14, always pushing ourselves to go faster.

While planting trees, I am 15 someone else, a self I thought I 16. It is a person I try to live in 17 with in those bushes, during those strange days of isolation and deep thinking.

Tree planting is really exhausting but it is a process of self-examination and 18. You master your mind, confronting the worst and the best in your 19 pushing yourself as hard as you can. A(n) 20 version of yourself awaits at the end of the experience.

When I went to my senior high school, I had to live in the dormitory because it was so far away from my home. When it comes my dormitory life, I have many unforgettable memories.

At first, we created a few "masterpieces" in the first year. Eight of us shared a room and none of us was (will) to clean the floor, so the floor changed from bright white into dark gray.  And so often were we invited to the teacher's office all of us gained a notorious reputation. Worse still, our dormitory turned into heaven for the living creatures such as rats. Hence, we had more trouble (deal) with the garbage piled up in the dormitory. In addition, everyone in the dormitory had his own opinion and personality, which led to some heated arguments.

, we really changed a lot during the second year. We learnt a lesson from the dormitory life that we had to take good care of (we) as well as the dormitory. In order to have a good sleep and commit ourselves to study, we learnt to get rid of our bad habits. We began to take (turn) to clean the floor and empty the garbage can. Most importantly, we did make some progress step by step. We learnt to show respect for and put up with each other and we all became good friends.

Finally, we were reluctant (say) goodbye to our lovely dormitory and our beloved roommates. We really enjoy the precious time we (spend) together.

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加,删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1） 每处错误及其修改均仅限一个词,2）只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Dear Mr. Wang,

I'm Li Hua, a Senior 3 student in our school. I'm sorry to disturb you, and I have to ask you a favor in the hope you will be so kind to help me.

Ever since last month, my mother hadn't allowed me to surf the Internet. In her opinion, it is the waste of time surfing the Internet and also affects my study. However, I don't agree with him. With the Internet, I can easily find the informations I need. I can compare notes with my classmates if I meet with problems in my study. Also I can share something that worry me with my friends, which reduces my stress. Facing with my mother's attitude, how should I do?

I real need your help!

Yours,

Li Hua

1）表示欢迎;

2）介绍活动安排;

3）表达祝愿。

注意:

1）词数100左右;

2）可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。