题目

阅读理解 To fight against the ballooning waistlines (腰围) among people, several U. S. cities have instituted taxes (税)on drinks with added sugar aiming to reduce consumption, but new research suggests these policies currently have one fundamental flaw. The study found sugary drink only reduce buying if price tags (标签) at stores mention consumers are paying that tax when they buy the drink. The research included a field study at two convenience stores in San Francisco, which currently has a tax on sugary drinks of 1 cent per ounce. Researchers varied the price tags placed on the sugary drinks over the eight-week study: one tag that simply said the price for the 12-ounce drink ($1.52) and one that had the price and the message "Includes SF Sugary Drink Tax". All non-sugary drinks, which weren't subject to the tax, simply had the price of the drink ($1. 40). The researchers compared sales of the drinks during the study period to the two weeks before the study began when the sugary drink tax was in effect but there were no price tags on any drinks. Results showed sales of sugary drinks weren't lower during the two weeks, compared to sales before the tax, indicating the tax itself didn't reduce purchases of sugary drinks. The researchers then looked at the effects of the two different price tags. Results showed the share of sugary drinks purchased when the tags simply showed the price wasn't significantly different from the two-week period before the study, but did decline (下降) slightly when the tags mentioned the price included the added tax. In a separate online study, the researchers asked participants to estimate what the tax would be on a can of their favorite drink that cost $1.52. The average estimate was 40 cents — much higher than the 12 cents actually demanded in San Francisco. When told the tax was only 12 cents, they reported they'd still buy the drink. The findings suggest price tags should mention the tax but not the amount, for consumers tend to overestimate how much the tax is. "If cities want these policies to be effective, they need to regulate how sugary drinks are labeled(贴标签) at stores and they currently don't do that," said Donnelly, lead author of the study. （1） What does the underlined word "flaw" mean in the first paragraph? A . Weakness. B . Solution. C . Imbalance. D . Evidence. （2） What kind of price tags may discourage customers from buying sugary drinks? A . Price tags bearing sugar content. B . Price tags with the exact tax on them. C . Price tags saying added tax included. D . Price tags just showing the total price. （3） Which of the following may be Donnelly's suggestion? A . Stores label sugary drinks at will. B . Cancel (取消) sugary drink taxes at once. C . Publicize the effect of sugary drinks. D . Cities urge (敦促) stores to use proper price tags. （4） What might be the best title for the text? A . A New Way to Prevent Fatness  B . Eating Habits and Food Consumption. C . Sugary Drink Taxes Aren't Working Well. D . Non-sugary Drinkers Benefit from New Policies. 答案： A C D C

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