题目
已知函数 , 曲线在点处的切线斜率为 , 在点处的切线经过原点.
(1)
求实数的值;
(2)
若有两个根 , 求证:.
答案: 解:由题可知f(x)=(x−m+1)ex−1,由f(1)=e−1得:(2−m)e−1=e−1,故m=1,∴f(x)=xex−1,f(x)=(x−1)ex−x+n,∴f(0)=−1,f(0)=n−1,∴函数f(x)在x=0处的切线为y=−x+n−1,因为y=−x+n−1过原点,所以n=1,故m=1,n=1.
解:由(1)可得函数f(x)在(1,f(1))处的切线方程为y=(e−1)(x−1),函数f(x)在(0,f(0))处的切线方程为y=−x,①首先证明f(x)⩾(e−1)(x−1),f(x)⩾−x,即证函数f(x)图象始终在(1,f(1))、(0,f(0))处的切线上方,设h(x)=f(x)−(e−1)(x−1)=(ex−e)(x−1),当x⩾1时,指数函数y=ex单调递增,故ex⩾e,故(ex−e)(x−1)⩾0,当x<1时,指数函数y=ex单调递增,故ex<e,故(ex−e)(x−1)>0,于是,对x∈R,(ex−e)(x−1)⩾0,即f(x)⩾(e−1)(x−1),设g(x)=f(x)−(−x)=xex−ex+1,g(x)=xex,由g(x)⩾0得x⩾0;由g(x)⩽0得x⩽0,故g(x)在x∈(−∞,0]上单调递减,在x∈[0,+∞)上单调递增,故g(x)⩾g(0)=0,即f(x)⩾−x,这样一来,f(x)⩾(e−1)(x−1),f(x)⩾−x.②再证明x2−x1⩽ae+e−1e−1.由①可知f(x)⩾(e−1)(x−1),f(x)⩾−x,这意味着f(x)图象被夹在切线y=(e−1)(x−1)和y=−x之间,设y=−x,y=(e−1)(x−1)与y=a的交点分别为x3,x4,则x3⩽x1<x2⩽x4,于是x2−x1⩽x4−x3,由{y=(e−1)(x−1)y=a与{y=−xy=a,解得x3=−a,x4=ae−1+1,∴x2−x1⩽x4−x3=ae−1+1−(−a)=ae+e−1e−1,当且仅当x2=x4,x1=x3,即方程f(x)=a的两个根与切点恰好重合时取等号,此时,a=0,从而x2−x1⩽ae+e−1e−1.