题目

阅读理解 I often find peacefulness in a soaring stone church, a cool open place to sit and contemplate. The giant trunk-like pillars (柱子) and the gentle play of the light cast through a church's stained glass windows create a shaded garden of stone and multicolored light. Glass itself is one of the fruits of the art of fire. It is a fusion (熔接) of the Earth's rocks melted at high temperatures. Glass's liquid-like structure is one of the main reasons it is transparent (透明的). However, "transparent" does not necessarily mean that all light can pass through it. Some obsidian (黑曜石) glasses are so darkly colored that they are effectively black and opaque (不透光的). This is because electrons of some elements in the obsidian are arranged in such a way that their energy is the same as the energy of visible light. This ability of certain elements to absorb light and give color is used to great effect in stained glass windows. For example, adding cobalt oxide (氧化钴) to the glass during melting will make it blue because cobalt absorbs wavelengths at the red end of the spectrum (光谱)but does not absorb blue. These colors were discovered by the ancients through trial and error, adding different minerals to the melting pot and melting for different periods of time, even though they had no idea what caused them. The term "stained glass" telescopes (精简) three different processes: coloring, staining and painting, each one complex and requiring the application of many skills. In the mid-16th century, however, different colored enamels (珐琅) began to be used. It has been said that the appearance of enameling was the death of the great stained glass window artists. I am not sure if this is true, but I do know that standing in front of a great stained glass window is a magical experience. Next time you are in a soaring cathedral, take a moment to admire the windows. （1） Why does the author write this passage? A . To show the actual way to make stained glass. B . To express his appreciation of stained glass. C . To talk about the function of stained glass. D . To review the history of stained glass. （2） What does "their energy" underlined in paragraph 2 refer to? A . The energy of high temperatures. B . The energy of obsidian glasses. C . The energy of some electrons. D . The energy of all elements. （3） How is stained glass made? A . By melting some of the Earth's rocks with sun energy. B . By painting some colors on rocks before melting them. C . By absorbing fire and sunlight to make varied colors. D . By adding some minerals to glass when it is melted. （4） What can we know from the last paragraph? A . Stained glass was invented in the mid-16th century. B . Making enamels was more complex than making stained glass. C . The number of stained glass artists may have declined since the 1550s. D . The author admiringly welcomes the change caused by colored enamels. 答案： B C D C

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