题目

读“我国太阳年辐射总量的分布图”，回答下列问题。（15分）  (1)纬度大致相当的重庆、拉萨两地的年太阳总辐射量有什么差异？分析其原因。（8分）                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            (2)指出太阳辐射的纬度差异对我国东部地区南北方的耕作制度的影响，并说明原因。（4分）                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             (3)请说出在日常生产、生活中人们对太阳辐射能的主要利用方式。（3分）                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  答案： (1)拉萨年太阳总辐射量大于重庆。拉萨位于青藏高原，海拔高，空气稀薄，大气中尘埃含量小，大气对太阳辐射削弱作用小；晴天多，日照时间长。重庆位于四川盆地，盆地地形中水汽不易散发，空气中含水汽多，阴天、雾天较多，大气对太阳辐射削弱作用强。(2)导致了我国东部地区南北方的热量差异，即热量南多北少，从而使耕作制度从南向北由一年三熟变为一年两熟或两年三熟，东北地区北部仅为一年一熟。(3)太阳能热水器、太阳能电站、太阳灶、温室生产等。

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