题目

There are so many different methods claiming to predict marathon performance. But these are not always very accurate because predicting marathon performance is difficult. However, in our new study, we found it's possible to calculate a critical speed that we can use to predict a runner's marathon time with a good degree of accuracy. Many things determine how fast you can run a marathon, your physical quality plays a huge role in your performance. For example, excellent marathon runners tend to be slim with long limbs. Fast marathon runners also tend to have a higher maximum rate of oxygen use (vo 2 max) and can operate at a high percentage of this maximum for a long time without developing tiredness. The right shoes can make running more economical in terms of how much energy you use. And of course, choosing a flat course with ideal weather conditions can help too. Endurance ( 耐久力 ) running is essentially determined by the fastest speed you can sustain for a given distance. or how long you can run at a given speed. This suggests there is a critical speed which, in theory, we can sustain for quite a long time. It is quite possible that the critical speed is useful for predicting endurance performance. By analyzing training data from 25,000 athletes, we found we could estimate their critical speeds and predict their marathon performance with 92% accuracy. We also found that, on average, runners ran the marathon at speeds around 85% of their critical speeds. Faster athletes ran their marathons at close to 93% of their critical speeds, but slower runners did so at 79% of their critical speeds. This means that using training data to estimate your critical speed, certain fitness apps on your smart watch or phone may soon be able to predict your finish time at an even higher degree of accuracy, as well as providing real-time advice about how best to pace your race. 1 ． What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A ． Differences between excellent runners and average runners B ． Conditions to consider before running a marathon C ． Characters of successful marathon runners. D ． Factors affecting runners' performance. 2 ． How does the author illustrate the findings? A ． By listing key data B ． By telling personal stories C ． By quoting famous runners D ． By explaining causes and effects 3 ． What can we infer from the last paragraph? A ． Different marathon runners always run at different speeds. B ． Marathon runners will run better with the help of some apps. C ． Critical speeds for runners given by fitness apps are useful. D ． It'll be easy to predict runners' performance with some app 4 ． What does the author intend to introduce through the text? A ． A standard critical speed for marathon runners. B ． The inspiration gained from a marathon. C ． A way to predict marathon runners' performance. D ． The value of hard and scientific training. 答案： 1 ． D 2 ． A 3 ． D 4 ． C 【分析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍对于马拉松的预测。一个团队得出了很重要的结果，他们通过分析影响马拉松的各种要素，可以分析出耐力。并且通过这样的分析，通过智能手表或者手机就可以预测完成时间，并且可以很好的调整节奏。 1 ． 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段 “Many things determine how fast you can run a marathon, your physical quality plays a huge role in your performance. For example, excellent marathon runners tend to be slim with long limbs. ( 很多因素决定了你能跑多快，你的身体素质在你的表现中扮演着重要的角色。例如，优秀的马拉松运动员往往身材苗条，四肢较长 )” 可知，本段主要讲到各种因素影响跑步。故选 D 。 2 ． 推理判断题。根据文章第四段 “By analyzing training data from 25,000 athletes, we found we could estimate their critical speeds and predict their marathon performance with 92% accuracy. ( 通过分析 25000 名运动员的训练数据，我们发现我们可以估计他们的临界速度并预测他们的马拉松成绩，准确率为 92%)” 和第五段 “We also found that, on average, runners ran the marathon at speeds around 85% of their critical speeds. Faster athletes ran their marathons at close to 93% of their critical speeds, but slower runners did so at 79% of their critical speeds.( 我们还发现，跑步者平均以他们临界速度的 85% 左右的速度跑马拉松。更快的运动员以接近他们临界速度的 93% 跑完马拉松，但较慢的运动员以他们临界速度的 79% 跑完马拉松 )” 可知，整篇文章主要是通过罗列各种关键数据，结合实例，从而说明调查结果的。故选 A 。 3 ． 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 “This means that using training data to estimate your critical speed, certain fitness apps on your smart watch or phone may soon be able to predict your finish time at an even higher degree of accuracy, as well as providing real-time advice about how best to pace your race. ( 这意味着，通过使用训练数据来估算你的临界速度，智能手表或手机上的某些健身应用可能很快就能以更高的精度预测你的终点时间，并就如何最好地为你的比赛配速提供实时建议 )” 可知，使用一些应用程序能更容易预测跑步者的表现。故选 D 。 4 ． 推理判断题。根据文章第一段 “However, in our new study, we found it's possible to calculate a critical speed that we can use to predict a runner's marathon time with a good degree of accuracy.( 然而，在我们的新研究中，我们发现计算一个临界速度是有可能的，我们可以用它来预测一个运动员的马拉松时间，并且具有很高的精确度 )” 及全文可知，本文作者的目的是介绍一种预测马拉松选手表现的方法。故选 C 。

查看本题答案和解析