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Join the free courses written and compiled by experienced Chinese language teachers. 
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Besides its common functions for any web courses, it has special functions for Chinese language learning and course making, including dictionaries, sound files for common words, and flash cards for Chinese characters! 
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21. Which of the following is NOT true about the internal courses on the web?
A. They are designed by excellent Chinese language teachers.    
B.. They charge students who want to learn
C. They include many sides about China
D. They can be made by yourself if you want to make a course.
22. Which of the following can you NOT do in the Chinese passport.com?
A.  Making friends.      B. Talking with friends.
C. Learning English.       D. Having a platform and web space for you
23. HMCI is probably the name of _______.
A. a school leader   B. an educational organization  

 C. a political party  D. a news reporter

The most popular fashion trend (趋势) for 2012 is a modern reinvention of revival (重新流行) styles, particularly styles from the 1960s. This is mostly a result of recent TV shows. Many of the styles on sale look attractive on teenage girls.

● Cat eye sunglasses

Cat eye sunglasses are one of the most fashionable sunglasses shapes for 2012. Cat eye sunglasses are those shaped wider along the top lenses (镜片) and narrower at the bottom. They will immediately make you look up to date with the 1960s revival.

● Curve hugging dresses

When you are young, your body is often in the best shape of your life. So it’s a great time to show it off. Stars like the Kardashian sisters have been making curve hugging dresses really popular. They may come in long sleeve styles if where you live is a little cool in autumn.

● Ballet flat shoes

Ballet flat shoes are a great day-to-day style because they are always very comfortable to walk in. This season many printed styles are appearing in stores. Flower prints are some of the most popular looks. 

● Color block T-shirts

Color blocking was a trend that first appeared during the 1960s. It is characterized by the use of different solid colors in the one design broken up by lines. During the 1960s, color block dresses were particularly popular. A more modern style is the color block T-shirt. You will find styles which feature one color across the shoulders, another across the chest and yet another on the lower part of the T-shirt.

14. The curve hugging dresses can make teenage girls       .

A. feel a little cold in autumn   

B. show off the shape of their body

C. hide their body disadvantages    

D. laugh at the Kardashian sisters’ similar dresses

15. Which can best describe this year’s ballet flat shoes?

A. They are of the printed style.          

B. They are seldom seen in shops.

C. They are uncomfortable but cheap.     

D. There is nothing special with them.

16. It can be inferred that this year’s fashion theme is based on  ________.     .

A. new materials            B. the stars’ lifestyle

C. teens’ imagination        D. elements in the 1960s

17. In which part of a newspaper can we read the text?

      A. Art.   B. News.    C. Fashion.    D. Education.

–I’m sorry that I’ve spilt some coffee on the table cloth.

–_            . It will wash out easily.

A. No hurry.                  B. Take it easy.               C. Never mind.               D. Be careful.

Maybe ten-year-old Elizabeth put it best when she said to her father. “But, Dad, you can’t be healthy if you’re dead.”

Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgotten to wear his safety belt — a mistake 75% of the US people make every day. The big question is why.

There have been many myths（虚构故事）about safety belts ever since their first appearance in cars some forty years ago. The following are three of the most common myths.

Myth Number One: It’s best to be “thrown clear” of a serious accident.

Truth: Sorry, but any accident serious enough to “throw you clear” is also going to be serious enough to give you a very bad landing. And chances are that you’ll have traveled through a windshield (挡风玻璃) or door to do it. Studies show that chances of dying after a car accident are twenty-five times greater if people are “thrown clear.”

Myth Number Two: Safety belts “trap” people in cars that are burning or sinking in water.

Truth: Sorry again, but studies show that people knocked unconscious (昏迷) due to not wearing safety belts have a greater chance of dying in these accidents. People wearing safety belts are usually protected to the point of having a clear head to free themselves from such dangerous situations, not to be trapped in them.

Myth Number Three: Safety belts aren’t needed at speeds of less than 30 miles per hour.

Truth: when two cars traveling at 30 mph hit each other, an unbelted driver would meet the windshield with a force equal to diving headfirst into the ground from a height of 10 meters.

21.The reason why Father got home in a hurry was that he ________.

A. wasn’t feeling very well     B. wanted to take some exercise

C. hated to drive in the dark     D. didn't want to be caught by the police

22.According to the text, to be “thrown clear” of a serious accident is very dangerous because you ________.

A. may be knocked down by other cars

B. may get caught in the car door

C. may get seriously hurt being thrown out of the car

D. may find it impossible to get away from the seat

23.Some people prefer to drive without wearing a safety belt because they believe ________ .

A. cars catch fire easily

B. they will be caught when help comes

C. they will be unable to think clearly in an accident

D. the belt prevents them from escaping in an accident

24.What is the advice given in the text?

A. Never drive faster than 30 miles an hour.

B. Try your best to save yourself in a car accident.

C. Drive slowly while you're not wearing a safety belt.

D. Never forget to wear the safety belt while driving.

A new study has discovered that meditation(冥想) and oxygen sport together reduce depression(抑郁).The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination,done twice a week for only two months,reduced the symptoms(症状)for a group of students by 40 percent.

“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non—depressed students,”said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman.“It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”

Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect in combating depression.Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training(MAP)enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.

Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport.They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing,enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.

Shors,who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the brain involved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.

The idea for the human intervention(干预)came from her laboratory studies,she says,with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.

By learning to focus their attention and exercise,people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past,Shors says.

“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health.”said Alderman.“The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”

32.What made the research so different?

A.Adopting a way of meaningful talk.

B.Combining the two ways to treat depression.

C.Treating depression with special medicine.

D.Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.

33.The underlined word“combating”in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ______.

A.fighting   B.identifying   C.distinguishing   D.examining

34.What did the participants do in the research?

A.They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.

B.They thought quietly and then took exercise.

C.They took exercise longer than they thought.

D.They took exercise while thinking quietly.

35.What is Shors’ main purpose of her studies?

A.To find out certain brain cells of humans.

B.To study the production of new brain cells.

C.To offer people a new method to treat stress.

D.To decide the links between stress and exercise.

 It is quite difficult for many westerners to ______ why the Chinese like eating almost every party of animals so much.

   A. give out                B. leave out                  C. make out       D. try out

    Texting（发短信）walkers aren't just an annoyance to other walkers, Australian researchers armed with movie special-effects technology have determined scientifically that they're threats to themselves. Using motion-capture technology similar to that used for films, researchers concluded that texting while walking not only affects balance but also the ability to walk in straight line.

    “Some people like checking emails while walking to work in the morning” said the study co-author Hoorn, “but they may not know it has a serious effect on the safety of themselves”. Other facts have also proved this. A tourist from Taiwan walked off a pier near Melbourne last month while checking Facebook, bringing a sudden and icy end to a penguin-watching visit. Another person who was too wrapped up in his phone to notice dangers walked straight into the fountain in front of a shopping mall.

    The Australian study involved 27 volunteers, a third of whom admitted having knocked into objects while texting. They were asked to walk 8.5 meters three times—once without phones, once while reading text and once while writing text, when eight cameras recorded their actions.

    They found the volunteers using the phone walked slower, and, more seriously, they locked their arms and elbows in like “robots”, which forced their heads to move more, throwing themselves off balance. “In a pedestrian（步行的）environment, inability to maintain a straight path would be likely to increase potential for traffic accidents”, said Mr. Hoorn. “The best thing to do is to step aside and stop, or keep off the phone.”

    Authorities world-wide have taken note. Signs on Hong Kong's subway system advise passengers in three languages to keep their eyes off their phones. Police and transport authorities have highlighted the danger in Singapore, where the Straits Times newspaper recently declared cellphone-distracted road crossing as “bad habit No. 2” contributing to the rising number of road deaths. Some U.S. states, including New York and Arkansas, are considering bans on what they're calling phone jaywalking(走路不遵守交通规则).

32. According to the passage, people texting while walking usually____________.

A. put themselves in danger            B. do harm to their eyes

C. do not influence other walkers        D. can still walk straight

33. Which of the following words has the closest meaning to “wrapped up” in Paragraph 2?

A. absent-minded       B. annoyed       C. absorbed        D. confused

34. The two examples in Paragraph 2 are given in order to __________.

   A. prove texting walkers are threats to others  

B. show texting walkers may harm themselves

C. analyze the causes of the danger          

D. amuse the readers

35. About the Australian study, we know that___________.

A. texting walkers are exposed to greater possibility of traffic accidents

B. ten volunteers admitted having bumped into things while texting

C. the volunteers were divided into three groups during the study

D. the volunteers using phones while walking moved normally

  How to Enjoy Life as a Teen

The "best years of your life"? Maybe not, but you can learn to make the most of your high school days are.

1. __36__. Whether it's having a computer, having friends, having a good supply of food, a bed to sleep on, family that loves you, having a decent education or simply being born in this world. Remember that the point of life is for you to enjoy it. Be happy, and life will reward you.

2. Choose your friends wisely. __37_In fact, many of the "friends" you have when you are popular are not true friends. Try to have friends that like you who you are, not just because you are wearing a certain brand of shoes or something like that.

3. Keep your grades up. There is nothing more satisfying than seeing your hard work pay off in the form of A's and B's (but mainly A's).__38__ You'll get cheap car insurance as well if you have at least a B or A average.

4. You can pursue interests you enjoy. Video games, for example, are good if you're the type who can get into that kind of thing. _39___Use your "hobby time" to either A) Volunteer (to gain practical skills for college apps, job resumes, and scholarships) B. Learn an instrument, or get into something else in the creative field like painting or dance .

5. Do well in school. Even though you want to enjoy your teen life as best as possible, don't slack off in school. __40__Plus, doing well means no angry parents.

A. It will pay off in the end.

B. You should also find a hobby that is meaningful or practical.

C. This also sets you up to get into a better college you want to go to improve your quality of life in the future.

D. Participating gives you something to do instead of sitting bored at home and wallowing in self-pity.

E. Learn to appreciate small things.

F. Unlike what many articles state, you don't have to be popular.

G. If you are not good at sports, join a band or choir.

Women are overtaking men in education and in the workplace, a senior Government minister said yesterday – creating a new generation of stay-at-home fathers.

Universities minister David Willetts predicted relationships and traditional household structures will be transformed as the female’s power ahead, and women earn more than their male partners.

Successful women will have to “marry down” by choosing partners less qualified than them – and may increasingly select men based on how supportive they might be to their careers, rather than whether they can support them financially.

And experts say women will often become the main breadwinners, with more men staying at home to look after children.

Mr. Willetts said there was clear evidence from schools that boys are “lagging behind”, and are being overtaken by female students at university．He said: “I am not against women having those advantages but there is now a rather striking gap, if you look at the statistics, where it looks as if approximately 50 percent of women are graduating from university by the time they’re 30 and perhaps about 40 percent of men.” He added: “It may lead to changes in the patterns of household living．So there are some deep questions here.”

The Philadelphia-based Pew Research Centre study, published in The Atlantic magazine, suggests female graduates are being put in similar situation to that faced for some time by black women．In America, 70 percent of black women have no husband and there are twice as many black women as black men with university degrees.

Many educated British women believe there is already a dearth of traditional husbands．Claire Davis, 33, who works in financial services and lives in south London, told The Times: “I have a good job and my own flat and I can pretty much do what I want, but a lot of them I meet aren't really of the right quality. If I look at the friends I went to university with, the men don't tend to be doing as well as the women.”

28．David Willetts’ attitude toward women’s overtaking men in education and in the workplace could be described as         .

A．worried       B．positive        C．supportive           D．excited

29．Claire Davis’ example is used to indicate that         .

A．a lot of women prefer to be single 

B．black women do not want to be married

C．women are less excellent than men in general

D．excellent women have difficulty in looking for a good husband

30．The underlined word “dearth” in the last paragraph most probably means        .

A．shortage      B．respect         C．oversupply           D．pride

31．The best title of this passage would probably be         .

A．Successful Women Forced to “Marry Down”

B．A Poor Generation of Stay-at-home Fathers

C．The Marriages’ Influence on Economy

D．The Advantages of the Traditional Family Pattern

 From  his     look, we could see that he hadn't expected that we coukl jraste

    such      questions to him.

   A.confused   confusing   B. confusing  confused

   C. confusing; conftising D. confused  confused

As a teenager, my laziness was strong like a lock, which stopped me from doing things for my family. I worked hard at school, and something looked after my younger sister. Still, I found myself regularly resisting the request to  41   out at home with even the simples things.

Every Wednesday afternoon, for example, my mother 42  me to another town for a piano lesson. During my two-hour lesson, she’d rush to the nearby store and buy a week’s worth of 43  . Given the fact that my mom had driven me twelve miles there, twelve miles back,44  for my lesson, and bought me a candy bar, you’d think I’d be very  45  to help her bring the groceries into the house. 46 I wasn’t. I generally just brought in an armload(单臂之量) and left the 47  for Mom as I ran to my room, shut the door, and started studying. 

Don’t get me wrong: even back in my room, I felt  48  about not helping my mother more. Deep inside, I wanted to change my 49 . But I also realized that once I did change, there would be no going back. 50  I took on more responsibility, my parents would start 51   more of me. At age fifteen, I sensed that this one small change would 52   something much bigger: my personal change from a cared-for, spoiled (被宠坏的) child to a more  53  , caring and giving young man.

I’ll never forget the Wednesday when I made a(n) 54  to jump in and see what happened. Returning home from the  55  , I disappeared into my room, as usual. But once inside, I felt that deep and burning 56  . Throwing my school books on the bed, I suddenly opened my door and  57  back to the garage to help my mother. How happy I felt that day!

Surely, over time, I continued to help out with more housework. The neat thing was, the more I helped out, the  58 I felt about myself and my place in my family. As Mom and Dad realized they could 59  on me more, our trips became far less stressful, too. In short, it was a win-win situation for everyone.

Sometimes the little things we put off doing the longest  60  out to be the simplest things to complete. And feeling happy beats feeling guilty any day.  

41. A. work             B. stand            C. start            D. help

42. A. drove            B. sent             C. walked               D. guided

43. A. fruits               B. groceries        C. products         D. vegetables

44. A. applied              B. fought               C. paid             D. prepared

45. A. grateful             B. nervous              C. confident        D. unwilling

46. A. So                   B. But              C. Thus             D. And

47. A. half                 B. rest             C. next             D. other

48. A. disappointed         B. curious              C. doubtful         D. guilty

49. A. purpose              B. world            C. way              D. shape

50. A. Once             B. Though               C. Unless               D. Since

51. A. warning              B. reminding        C. informing        D. expecting

52. A. tell                 B. mark             C. express          D. describe

53. A. energetic            B. generous         C. responsible          D. outgoing 

54. A. excuse               B. appointment          C. statement        D. decision

55. A. practice             B. store            C. lesson               D. holiday

56. A. shame            B. anger            C. delight              D. pleasure

57. A. called               B. headed               C. looked               D. brought

58. A. smarter              B. better               C. warmer               D. stronger

59. A. depend               B. press            C. focus            D. live

60. A. set                  B. make             C. point            D. turn

I live in a big city with a lot of homeless(无家可归的) people. Luckily there’re small ways of helping them and you needn’t have a lot of  41  .   

One way to help is to buy their monthly magazine.  42  doing this one day, I got to  43  a young homeless man, He was often  44  the magazine at the train station.
    He was a poor farmer from another country. After a while, I found that his  45  was close to mine. It  46  that we were born in the same month.
    I met him last year  47  after his birthday, and after congratulating him, without  48  , I asked if he had had a good day. He  49  and said he hadn’t really celebrated. I felt so  50  .
    I just couldn’t think of this nice, young man being  51  on his 25th birthday with no presents, no cake, nothing! So I went home and looked in my yarn（纱线） basket.  52  for me, I had enough yarn  53  . I set to work and knitted（编织） a  54  for the young man. The yarn had become a little dirty  55  I didn’t knit very often. Then I washed the yarn so the scarf would be  56  when he got it.
    I met him on my own birthday as I was going shopping. I had  57  to meet him so I had  58  the scarf and a piece of my own birthday  59  around with me. He was very happy with these gifts and so was I. The  60  in his eyes was the best present he could have given me!
41. A. work         B. energy             C. money                D. experience
42. A. In             B. On                 C. Besides              D. By
43. A. realize        B. ignore             C. know                 D. recognize
44. A. selling        B. reading            C. covering              D. buying
45. A. birthday       B. house             C. height                D. hobby
46. A. said             B. found            C. guessed              D. meant
47. A. long            B. shortly           C. ever                   D. even
48. A. stopping        B. helping           C. praising             D. thinking
49. A. looked up      B. turned up        C. looked down        D. got down
50. A. foolish          B. excited          C. clever                 D. worried
51. A. calm            B. happy            C. alone                   D. hungry
52. A. Suddenly       B. Luckily         C. Badly                  D. However
53. A. used              B. done            C. left                    D. produced
54. A. scarf            B. cap               C. sock                   D. glove
55. A. when            B. because          C. so                     D. and
56. A. different         B. dry              C. wet                     D. clean
57. A. liked             B. hoped            C. promised             D. agreed
58. A. made            B. thrown            C. received             D. carried
59. A. cake             B. present            C. song                 D. party
60. A. light             B. pain              C. sight                   D. tear

Many of my friends like fall and take it as their favorite season.Last weekend,I went outdoors and soon_61_ (find) a deeper appreciation for this season.

The change of leaf colors is a common reason given_62_the love of fall.Each tree reacts_63_(different) to the change of the season.Some shed their leaves in hopes of reproducing;however,other_64_(tree) remain green for as long as possible to gain additional energy from the sun to survive the winter.This effect_65_(call) the flight-or-fight response.

Fall is a time of_66_(reflect) and preparation for the year ahead.I have found a meaning of fall for me.I'm_67_ 18 year-old boy in the final year of high school and my life is a work in progress.There are times I want to give up, but then I look around me and realize life keeps_68_(move).The natural cycle of life is beautiful and doesn't stop growing so I have to learn to keep up.

The meaning of fall is different for each person I encourage you_69_(go) out to follow some path or sidewalk and discover_70_fall means to you.

Forrest Gump is the first English film          I have ever seen.

A．which          B．that           C．when          D．what

   Generally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative(保守) person who is     41     only among those with whom he is acquainted. When a stranger is present, he often seems nervous,     42     embarrassed. You have to take a commuter train (通勤车) any morning or evening to     43     the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or     44     off in a corner; hardly anybody talks, since to do so would be considered quite offensive(冒犯的).

    45    , there is a unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior, which, once     46    , makes the offender immediately the object of     47    .

   One of the new things we can say about the British with certainty is that a British takes a(n)     48     to the discussion of their weather and that, if given a chance, he will talk about it     49    . Some people argue that it is because the British weather     50     follows forecast and thus becomes a source of interest to everyone. This may be so. Certainly a British cannot have much     51     in the weathermen, whose predictions, in many cases,    52     to be wrong! The man in the street seems to be as accurate—or as inaccurate—as the weathermen in his    53    .

   Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references    54     weather that the British make to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are     55     by comments on the weather. "Nice day, isn't it?" "Beautiful day!" may well be heard instead of "Good morning, how are you?".     56     the foreigner may consider this exaggerated(夸张的) and comic, it is worthwhile pointing out that it could be used to his     57    . If he wants to start a conversation with a British but is     58     to know where to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a(n)     59     subject to which a response may well be     60     of even the most reserved of the British.

41. A. relaxed                     B. frustrated                  C. amused                     D. exhausted

42. A. yet                           B. otherwise                  C. even                         D. so

43. A. perform                    B. witness                     C. watch                       D. undertake

44. A. whispering                B. murmuring                C. nodding                    D. laughing

45. A. Hopefully                  B. Exactly                     C. Frequently                D. Obviously

46. A. developed                 B. observed                   C. followed                   D. broken

47. A. doubt                       B. argument                  C. criticism                   D. praise

48. A. emotion                    B. fancy                       C. likeliness                   D. judgment

49. A. at length                   B. at last                       C. at most                     D. at least

50. A. always                      B. often                        C. constantly                 D. seldom

51. A. faith                         B. relief                        C. honor                       D. credit

52. A. put out                     B. make out                  C. turn out                    D. find out

53. A. consideration             B. prediction                 C. approval                   D. appreciation

54. A. about                        B. on                            C. in                             D. to

55. A. started                      B. conducted                 C. replaced                    D. proposed

56. A. Since                        B. Although                   C. However                   D. Only if

57. A. profit                        B. advantage                 C. gain                          D. interest

58. A. at a loss                    B. in detail                     C. in groups                  D. on occasion

59. A. avoidable                  B. steady                      C. optional                    D. safe

60. A. expected                   B. asked                       C. wished                     D. reminded

假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Mary给你写了一封信求助。她因为最近学习压力大长胖了，时常被同学们嘲笑，并且长胖也影响了她自己的健康，因此她感到非常郁闷。请根据下列要求用英语给她回一封信。要点如下：

1.同情她的处境并安慰她，胖或瘦没有统一标准；

2.强调保持健康的重要性；

3.给出保持健康的建议。

注意：1.词数100字左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）

2.可适当增加细节，以使文连贯流畅。

Dear Mary,

I’m so glad to hear from you. but ____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

Yours forever,

Li Hua

The trouble of having to charge your smart phone for hours a day could become a thing of the past.

British scientists have created a material that replaces the screen glass for phones, i-pad and smartwatches, but uses no power—meaning they could be charged weekly. The discovery is important because more than 90 percent of a device’s battery power illuminates（照明）the screen.

Technology firms have focused on improving battery life. But the British experts say dealing with the main power-using may give better results. Oxford University engineer Dr Peiman Hosseini, who invented the material, told the Sunday Telegraph: “You have to charge smartwatches every night. But if you had smart glass, you could recharge it just once a week.”

The invention uses electrical pulses to create displays that require no power and can be viewed even in direct sunlight. Dr Hosseini’s company, Bodle Technologies, hopes to have a prototype（样机）in a year.

Battery life is seen as a major obstruction for modern computing and technology. While the power of technology and lifestyle gadgets has improved rapidly in recent years, batteries have not kept pace. The success of smart watches, including Apple’s version, is thought to depend on solving this problem because few users are willing to charge a watch every day.

Gadget firms are also desperate to solve the problem.

Apple, for example, is investigating using fuel cells to power its phones and laptops, and this year had gained a patent for a system that it claimed could power its gadget for weeks.

In 2012 US energy secretary Steven Chu called for a big push to improve batteries, challenging scientists to produce a battery with five times the capacity within five years.

Aside from mobile gadgets, improving battery technology is seen as being key to the success of electric cars, which currently have a limited journey before they must stop to be recharged.

32. Who invented the new material?  

A. Energy secretary.                        B. Oxford University engineer.  

C. Technology firms.                       D. Apple Corps.

33. What can we know about the invention?

A. It has gained a patent.                    B. It is popular with customers.  

C. It is a kind of glass.                      D. It uses power to charge the phones.

34. The author uses the example of Apple in para7 to show________________.  

A. what the key to success is   

B. why Apple products are popular  

C. how often batteries must be recharged  

D. how gadget firms are making efforts to improve batteries 

35. What can be inferred from the passage?  

A. 90% of batteries will be replaced with smart glass.  

B. It is likely that mobile phones will be recharged once a week.  

C. Scientists are focusing on increasing the number of batteries.  

D. Many users are willing to pay more for watches of Apple version.

               Micro-Enterprise Credit for Street Youth

Introduction

Although small-scale business training and credit programs have become more common throughout the world, relatively little attention has been paid to the need to direct such opportunities to youth living on the street or in difficult circumstances. Over the past years, Street Kids International (S.K.I.) has been working with partner organizations in Africa, Latin Africa and India to support the economic lives of street children. The purpose of this paper is to share some of the lessons S.K. I. and our partner organizations have learned.

Background

Typically, children end up on the streets not due to a single cause, but a combination of factors: the lack of adequately funded schools, the demand for income at home and so on. The street may be attractive to children as a place to find adventurous play and money. However, it is also a place where some children are exposed, with little or no protection, to exploitative employment, and urban crime.

Street Business Partnerships

S.K.I. has worked with partner organizations in Latin America, Africa and India to develop innovative opportunities for street children to earn income.

● The S.K.I Bicycle Courier Service first started in the Sudan. Participants in this enterprise were supplied with bicycles, which they used to deliver parcels and messages, but they were required to pay for it gradually from their wages.

● The Youth Skills Enterprise Initiative in Zambia is a joint program with the Red Cross Society. Street Youths are supported to start their own small business through business training, life skills training and access to credit.

Lessons Learned

The following lessons have emerged from the programs that S.K.I. and partner organizations have created.

● It’s important for all loans to be linked to training programs that include the development of basic business and life skills.

● Small loans are provided initially for purchasing fixed assets such as bicycles, shoe shining kits.

● All S.K.I. programs have charged interest on the loans, primarily to get the business runners used to the concept of paying interest on borrowing money. Generally the rates have been modest.

Conclusion

There is a need to recognize the importance of access to credit for poor young people seeking to fulfill economic needs.

21.The organization, S.K.I., aims to _________________.

A. give business training and loans to street children

B. provide schools and social support for street children

C. share the lessons S.K. I. learned to help street children

D. draw the attention of the government to street children

22.This passage implies that with the help of S. K. I. street children may _________________.

A. reject paid employment                   B. set up their own business 

C. leave their families                           D. employ other children

23.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. The link of all loans to training programs is important.

B. Interest is charged for the loans in all S.K.I. programs.

C. The S.K.I Bicycle Courier Service provides the participants with free bicycles.

D. The Youth Skills Enterprise Initiative in Zambia works with another organization.

In     history of the NBA, Michael Jordan is                                   really great success, who now still holds many records.

A. the; /                        B. the; the                      C. the; a                         D. / ; /

As the Internet and computer use become more common, the need for security is more important than ever. According to the latest statistical analysis, it is estimated there are over 1.1 billion Internet users worldwide. The Internet provides diverse and useful resources such as Email, instant messaging, academic research, product research, paying bills, shopping, online banking, and the list goes on and on. For many of its 1.1 billion users the Internet is not just a tool but a way of life. But most users fail to take the time to research the risks involved. One of the greatest in the online world is computer hacking.

Computer hacking is the unauthorized access to a computer or network of computers. Hackers, those people who illegally enter systems, may alter or delete information, steal private information, or spread viruses that can damage or destroy files. But how exactly can a hacker get into a system to do these things?

Most hackers use information called protocols (协议) that are built into computer software. These protocols allow computers to interact with one another. Protocols are sort of like computer police officers(合法的). When a computer connects to another system, the protocols check to see if the access is valid. The protocols can also determine how much information can be shared between the two systems. Hackers can manipulate (操纵) the protocols to get unlimited access to a computer system. In fact, just the act of entering a computer network is considered hacking. This is commonly called passive hacking. Passive hackers get a rush from just being able to invade a challenging system like a bank or military network. Hackers that do damage to a system by releasing viruses or altering, deleting, or taking information are known as active hackers. They are, by far, the more dangerous of the two.

The easiest way to protect a system is with a good password. Long and unusual passwords, instead of your date of birth or telephone number, are harder for hackers to guess. For even greater security, some online services now use “password-plus” systems. In this case, users first put in a password and then put in a second code that changes after the user accesses the site. Users have special cards or devices that show them the new code to use the next time. So if a hacker steals the password, they won’t have the code. Or if the hacker somehow gets the code, they still don’t know the password.