说明文 知识点题库

Money, jewels and important documents may not be the only valuables placed in banks these days. Some mothers store their breast milk (母乳) in banks.
There are ten breast milk banks across the United States, where mothers can donate their extra milk for other women's babies.
Experts say breast milk is the best food for babies. The World Health Organization says it is the only food babies should get during the first six months of life, in most cases. Breast milk is especially important for babies born too early. Sometimes these premature babies must stay in the hospital for many weeks.
James Cameron is a doctor who treats newborns at Lutheran Children's Hospital in Fort Wayne, Indiana. He says breast milk is almost like medicine. Doctor James Cameron says, “The fact is that there are so many different proteins and specialized sugars in the breast milk that the mom's able to make that help provide immunity (免疫力). It's very important for the health of the newborn.”
Lucy Baur lives near Fort Wayne. She breastfed both her children and always had more milk than they needed. She wanted to donate to the Indiana Mothers Milk Bank in Indianapolis. But freezing and shipping milk can be costly. Then, a donor station opened near her home.
Milk donations in the United States work like this. Donors must be willing to provide almost three liters of breast milk. They freeze the milk and take it to the station. There, employees warm the milk and mix it with other mothers’ milk. Then, the milk is heated to kill bacteria. After that, the technicians test samples of all the milk to make sure it is safe and healthful. The milk is re-frozen and sent to the main milk bank. The milk bank transports the milk to hospitals to feed premature or sick babies.
Donors are tested for diseases before any milk is accepted. They are not permitted to smoke tobacco, use illegal drugs or drink too much alcohol.

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话题	体裁	词数	难度	建议用时
动物保护	说明文	109	★★	5分钟

RIVER DOLPHIN RUNNING OUT OF TIME

The Yangtze dolphin is the only kind of dolphin that lives in freshwater all its life. Scientists say that the finless freshwater dolphin that has lived in the Yangtze River for over 20 million years, will die out in 15 years. It's in danger of disappearing forever.

Dangers:

■Dredging(挖掘) of their habitat

■Heavy boat traffic in the Yangtze River

■Insecticide(杀虫剂) and mercury(汞)

根据短文内容，选择正确答案。

Dear Ken,

      I'm glad to hear from you. You asked me how to do well in English exams. Sometimes your knowledge is enough, but you also need good strategies.

 Here are some advice for you:

      Before you answer the questions, if you feel a little nervous, take a few deep breaths to help you relax.

      Always read the question carefully and make sure that you understand it. Read it a few times if possible.

      Find out how much each question is worth or how many points you need.

      If it asks you to give one answer, only give one.

      If there is a difficult question, don't worry. Go on with the next question and come back to it if you have time later.

      Try not to leave questions unanswered when you finish the text. Sometimes a guess may help you get points.

      When you finish, go back and check your answers. You will need to check your writing or spelling mistakes.

     Best wishes to you and your family.

                                                                                                                                                                                Yours,

                                                                                                                                                                                   Amy

根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词。

    Hip-hop dancing(街舞) is popular with many young people today. They like it b they can invent their own moves. They use this dance to s their love for life. It a shows that they feel good about life, that they just want to be themselves and enjoy life, and that they are not afraid of problems.

    Hip-hop dancing has a h of more than 20 years. It f began in the 1980s in the US. In early times, it was seen in New York and Los Angles. At that time, many young black people often danced to the m in the streets. They used their l, arms, heads and even shoulders to dance. Many young people still use most of these moves today.

    Hip-hop dancing became popular all over the world because of the 1983 movie Flashdance. Some people performed Hip-hop dancing in the movie People enjoyed their performance. They began to dance l them. Then it became popular There are t kinds of Hip-hop dancing: new school and old school. More and more young people are l Hip-hop dancing. People believe that it is a good way to exercise their bodies, and that it is good for their health.

完形填空

    Good evening, everyone! Today, I'm very glad1a speech2name is "My Dream". We know everyone has his or her own dream. Some people want to be basketball players because they are good3sports. Some would like to become4 because they like to stay with children. Do you know5I'm going to be when I grow up? I like cooking,6 I want to become a good cook. I think I must have great7 cooking food. I'd like to ask everyone to taste my food. I also like seeing their smiling faces after8the delicious food. However, it's not so9to be a good cook. I decided to learn 10things about cooking from now on. I will work hard for my dream. I'm sure I will succeed (成功) one day.

根据短文内容判断正误。

Spring Festival

    In China Spring Festival is the most important festival. It comes on the first day of the first lunar month（阴历月）．

    Before Spring Festival comes，people go out to buy things，such as meat，chicken，fish，fruit，sweets and new clothes. They clean their houses and decorate them. The Chinese character fu is a must. It is usually stuck（贴）upside down，which means "fu comes".

    The celebrations（庆祝）begin on the eve of the lunar New Year. The family get together for a big dinner. If a person is far from home，he will always try to get home for this big dinner. After the dinner，the whole family will sit together, chatting（聊天）and watching TV.

    During the holidays，they go to visit relatives（亲戚）and friends and exchange New Year greetings. They sit around talking and eating candies，cakes and all kinds of delicious foods. Every family prepares something special. Each child will get money as a New Year gift. People in the north of China often eat dumplings fir breakfast. People in the south often eat niangao because niangao means "higher and higher one year after another".

    The celebrations last（持续）15 days. It will come to an end when the Lantern Festival finishes.

阅读理解

    There are many different kinds of museums in the world. But have you ever visited a museum of tap water? Beijing Museum of Tap Water may be the only one in the world.

    The museum has a large number of photos, models, maps and equipment which tell the water treatment history of China. Few of them are in English, so it's a bit difficult for foreign visitors to understand them.

    Beijing's tap water history began in 1908.  At that time Empress Dowager Cixi(慈禧太后) ordered to build water plants and city pipelines to help fight fires that happened in Beijing.

    At first, people did not believe in tap water. They continued using well water(井水) which was not safe. Later, the government did everything to explain to people how safe tap water really was. Finally, more and more people started using tap water.

    The museum is one of the most wonderful places in Beijing. For those who want to try something different, this place near the Dongzhimen Subway Station is a very unusual one.

阅读理解

    I live in a nice new building in Beijing. It is very tall. It is very tall. It has eighteen floors. There are about eighty families in the building. That is to say(也就是说), about two hundred and forty people live in the building.

    My home is on the third floor. We have two bedrooms and a living room. They are big and clean. There are a lot of big trees and beautiful flowers around our building. I like looking out of the window in my room. I can see cars and buses running in the street. I can see people walking in the street, too. They look so small! I can also see a lot of tall buildings. How beautiful Beijing is! I am happy to live in this nice, new and tall building.

根据上文内容判断正误

    A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night's sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off—if it is milked from a cow at night.

    Researchers have discovered that "night milk" has more melatonin(褪黑激素), which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and less worried.

    In the study, mice were fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night by researchers from Seoul, South Korea.

    Those given night milk, which had 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less worried than those fed with the milk collected during daytime, according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.

    Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.

    While the effect of milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now, taking melatonin medicine has been suggested to those who are trying to fall asleep at night.

    Studies have also showed that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because there is calcium(钙) in it, which helps people to relax.

    Milk is also sugar—free because it is the least fattening.   The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will have on your body at night.

阅读理解

Interesting Festivals in The World

Throwing tomatoes—Spain Spain takes "tomatoes fights" to a whole new level. But the tomatoes are being thrown, not eaten. The festival takes place during the last Wednesday in August. Trucks carry tomatoes into the square. People rush to the tomatoes and throw them into the crowd.

Rolling cheese—England This festival is celebrated on the last Monday in May. It takes place on Cooper's Hill. A large wheel of cheese is rolled down Cooper's Hill. The festival is actually a race where people run down the hill after the rolling cheese. The first person to cross the finish line at the bottom of the hill wins the cheese.

Burning man—The United States The Burning Man Festival lasts a week. It is from the Monday before Labor Day to Labor Day(which falls on the first Monday in September in America). The festival takes place in the Black Rock Desert. The best part of the festival is the burning of a large sculpture of a man.

Pouring water—Thailand The Songkran Festival is the celebration of the New Year in Thailand. Rather than a single day, Thailand celebrates the New Year from April 13th to April 15th. Thai people run after each other, pouring water. Songkran is one of the most important reasons why foreigners travel to the beautiful land.

阅读理解

    Chinese is a country with a long history. This history has left us with many cultural relics(文物). A CCTV program about cultural relics is now popular. It may give you a new way to enjoy them.

    The show is called National Treasure. It shows 27 treasures(珍宝) from nine museums across China.

    The show uses high-tech methods to show us the relics. there is an IMAX-sized LED screen(屏幕) on a stage. It shows the treasures carefully. More importantly, the show doesn't just tell the stories and history behind the treasures. It lets famous actors play out these stories. For example, Emperor Qianlong wanted to make a big vase(花瓶). The vase had as many as 17 different kinds of glaze(釉).In a dream, he talked about this idea with two artists and his father, Emperor Yongzheng. But they didn't like Qianlong's idea and thought he knew little about art. They liked a simple style. Qianlong felt sad. He tried to explain that the vase could show the greatness of his time. Because it is funny and interesting, people have enjoyed this show very much. Actor Wang Kai played Emperor Qianlong. Fans made lots of memes(表情包) of him after seeing the show.

    The aim of this show, according to its director Yu Lei, is to make national treasures come "alive". It seems that they did it.

阅读理解

    You probably know many of the things that you can do with the hundreds of different muscles(肌肉) in your body. But have you ever thought about how the muscles in an animal's body are different from yours? An animal's muscles are made to do the things that are most important for its life.

    Lions are hunters. They depend on their ability to catch other animals. Lions must be fast in order to catch their prey(猎物). The powerful muscles in their back legs allow them to run at speeds of more than 30 miles per hour. They can also jump a distance of more than 35 feet. The strong muscles in their front legs help them catch their prey.

    Snakes also use their muscles for hunting prey and for movement, but their muscles work in very different ways than lions' do. Because snakes do not have any legs, they use their muscles to push against the ground or other objects to move themselves forward. Their muscles also allow them to eat things that seem much too large. For example, a snake may eat an egg that is larger than the width of its body. How does this happen? The snake's strong neck muscles work together to push the egg down the mouth.

    The elephant's long nose has a lot of muscles. Scientists believe that the nose alone has more than 100,000 muscles! This is because the elephant uses its nose much in the same way that people use their hands and fingers. Even though the nose is large, it can perform surprisingly tasks. For example, an elephant can pick up a small leaf from the ground. The nose can also be a powerful tool. An elephant can use its nose to pick up a tree by its roots or even to lift a baby elephant.

The great muscles of these animals seem pretty unbelievable. But the muscles in your body work exactly the way you need them to. After all, it might be fun to be able to jump a distance of 30 feet, but as a human being, there is just not much need for it.

Read the passage and fill in the blanks With proper words.(在短文的空格处填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)

    I'm Jim. I live in Washington. Let me introduce my neighbourhood to you.

    There are three shopping cin my neighbourhood, so it's easy for me to buy what I need. But my mother thinks they're too noisy. Wdoesn't the government move two of them away? Maybe one is enough.

    My fplace is the park. There is a pond(池塘) in the park. There is fish in the pond. Most of them are black and red. I like to fish there when I'm free. When I ca fish, I can take it home. The fish is cheap. It's only $ 1 for each.

    There is a bookshop in my, neighbourhood. All the books are new. Some of tare very useful for us. So I also go there and read books in it. The clerks put the books for the students in the middle. So I can find them e.

    I think the government should build a library in my neighbourhood. Then I can read many kinds of books. And I don't have to pay any money. Then the students can read more and more books. I think the library should have DVDs. I want to see exciting films in my free time.

阅读理解

What happens to your computers, MP3 players and cellphones when they're broken or you want a new one?

Most people just throw them away. In 2014, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of electronic waste (e-waste) and only recycled 6.5 million tons, the United Nations said. The US was the biggest waster, producing 7.1 million tons of waste. China ranked second, with 6 million tons.

It's important to pay attention to e-waste. It can either be valuable or harmful, depending on how we treat it.

"E-waste is a valuable 'urban mine (城市矿藏)'," said David Malone, the UN under-secretary-general (副秘书长). The gold, silver, iron (铁) and copper (铜) in e-waste around the world are worth some $52 billion (322.1 billion yuan). These materials can be reused and help us save resources.

But if people throw their electronics away, toxic (有毒的) chemicals can get into the soil or air, affecting the environment and people's health. Malone said.

To help reduce e-waste, the first thing we can do is to buy longer-lasting electronic devices. If you have unwanted electronics, such as aging toys or cellphones, find a new home for them by giving them to charities. You can also see if there are any companies that offer recycling programs for their products. Apple, for instance, now offers people a discount (折扣) in China if they hand in their used devices when buying new ones. The company will test and repair the used devices and sell them at lower prices.

以下是一名美国学生对于圣诞节的描述:家人们一起吃大餐，孩子们认为圣诞老人会从烟囱下来并把礼物放在他们的长筒袜里，这是他们最喜欢的一天。请根据中英文提示完成短文。每空一词。

Christmas Day Christmas Day comes on 25th.It is important (主要) in the U.S. On that day the family get together for a family dinner. At night, children go to bed early, waiting for (等待) Father Christmas. They think he comes down the chimney (烟囱) and puts a gift (礼物) into stockings (长筒袜). Children that day very much.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Sea lions are kind to people. They are (love) and friendly animals. We can often see them on the (beach) all around the world. It can be quite dark in the ocean, but sea lions can find their way (easy). Sea lions are good divers. They can dive 45 feet or even deeper. But they dive too deep, maybe they will die. Sea lions are great (swim), too. They can swim at a speed of 40 kilometres each hour. This helps them get away sharks. Every year，people kill (thousand) of sea lions for their skin. That's sea lions are becoming fewer and fewer. To keep this kind of animals alive forever, we should (stop) people from killing them. Or our grandchildren will have no chance to see sea lions in many (year).

阅读短文，从短文后的选项中选出合适句子还原到短文中，使短文意思通顺、结的完整。

    A special copyright (版权)case has recently drawn attention because it is related to (和….有关的)artificial intelligence (AI). A court (法庭)in Shenzhen ruled that a news report written by Tencent's AI enjoys copyright protection.

This is the first case in China that has provided copyright protection to work done by AI. But what does it indicate (表明)?

    Probably not. Al is not yet able to write creative stories. The news report mentioned above is mainly about data.  Some newspapers also use AI to report on stories about natural disasters (灾害),which mainly require basic facts such as "where" and "when". As Forbes wrote, instead of losing their jobs, journalists can make their work more efficient (高效的) by using AI so that they can focus more on storytelling and less on numbers.

     For example, Wayne MeGregor, a British choreographer (编舞),is famous for using AI to create new dances. For him, AI is a powerful tool that can help choreographers break out of common movements. MeGregor is not worried that AI might replace human artists.""

    "It's time to stop worrying about if AI can be creative," according to Forbes. Instead. we should focus on how humans and AI can work together in ways that we have never dreamed of before.

A. AI can't judge (判断) the quality (质量) of the choreography B. AI is actually being helpful in many creative fields. C. Will AI take the place of creative workers in the future? D. A website broke the law because it used the article without permission (允许). E. Since Al is good at processing data, it is often used to write financial (金融的) reports.

句子还原，根据短文内容，将下面句子还原到文中空白处，使文章意思完整且符合逻辑，其中有两项为多余项。

Being polite is an important social skill. It can help you make friends, succeed professionally and show respect.

Greet people politely. . When first meeting or greeting someone, give him a warm smile. It shows that you are in good spirits and are happy to see him. Also, shake hands to show respect.

Make small talks. Instead of jumping right into business, you can make small talks first. Listen carefully and pay attention to what they are saying to-you. Show them you're interested by asking questions.

Congratulate other people on their successes. If you meet a friend in the store who has recently graduated, gotten married, or gotten a new job, congratulate him.

Recognize（意识到）uncomfortable topics. You might hurt other people's feelings if you talk about them. Try to keep your conversation in the pleasant areas.

Make eye contact（接触）. When in conversation with someone, look them in the eye when you're speaking. However, don't stare at people. Break eye contact sometimes to avoid staring.

A. When others do well, often them your praise. B. Remember to say "please" and "Thank you". C. Some topics can make people uncomfortable. D. You can be polite by offering a proper greeting. E. Everyone makes social mistakes from. time to time. F. Talk about their lunch, their kids or their day. G. Keeping eye contact shows that you are paying attention.

阅读下面短文，简略回答所提出的问题

How well do you think you would sleep if you were sleeping high in the sky? Thanks to a company in Peru, you can find it out!

The company offers its guests three "transparent capsule suites(透明胶囊套房)", which hang from the top of a 1200-foot mountain. They are called Sky lodge Adventure Suites. The suites are surprisingly spacious (宽敞的)-they're over 7 m long and about 2. 4 m high and wide. Each suite has four beds, a dining area and a bathroom. To get to the suites, guests can either climb 400 meters up a rock face or take a challenging hike that includes using zip lines(滑索). Both of them are exciting. When guests arrive, an ice dinner awaits. Breakfast is also served the next morning. One night's stay starts at about $400.

Those who don't have time to stay the night can instead have lunch in the dining capsule, which is also on the side of the mountain. It can hold up to 12 people.

阅读理解

Chunfen (Spring Equinox) means the change of seasons. The day of Chunfen falls exactly in mid-spring around March 20th to 22nd. On this day, so as on Qiufen in autumn, the sun shines directly on the equator, making the days and nights equal in length everywhere in the world. After Chunfen, the days are longer and the nights are shorter. People often use the weather of Chunfen to forecast the weather of the future, as a number of old sayings go: "If it rains on Chunfen, it might be a heavy rain; a cold Chunfen might bring a cold Oiufen; a warm Chunfen might bring a cold Qingming."