医疗保健类 知识点题库

 The same life day by day is like eating white rice every day for your brain(大脑). Playing games with your mind(头脑) keeps your brains quick, and make your memory and powers of reasoning much better. Try the following fun and free activities to stimulate your brain.

 Use the opposite hand: If you are right-handed, become a lefty. Changing the hand you usually use can get your brain thinking in a different way.

Talk to yourself: Pick one hour a day to discuss something with yourself. Describe what you see, what you are doing, or what you are going to do. Talking while thinking is a great brain booster(助推器).

 Write down your dream: You can write out your wishes and goals(目标) and they can call your attention. Keep a pen and paper next to your bed. You can record your sleeping dreams with them. It is a fun way to get your brain thinking. Along with increasing memory, trying to unlock the secret behind your sleeping brain is one way to get to know yourself better.

 Walk on: Just like the body, your brain needs exercise, too. Walking can increase blood circulation(血液循环), which encourages blood vessels(血管) in your brain grow, raise energy production and throw away the waste. So walk anywhere at anywhere at anytime if possible.

   Everybody wants to be healthy. Everybody knows food is very important. There are many healthy foods. You can have more bananas, apples, oranges, tomatoes and lettuce because fruits and vegetables are good for you. But don't eat too much chocolate. It's not healthy food. Healthy food can make you strong and happy. Remember there is an old saying, “An apple a day keeps a doctor away.” Sports can also keep you healthy. Get up early and do sports every day. Don't be lazy! You will be healthy and happy

选择正确选项，使短文意思完整。（
       What's the best thing to eat on a summer day? Many people would say ice cream. Yes, eating ice cream 1 some fruit on top is a great way to cool down. But think before you eat. If your body is hot from playing sports, it's not the best time to eat ice cream.
       When your body is hot, a lot of ice cream may give your 2some problems, and you can get diarrhoea (腹泻). You can eat some ice cream after  you've cooled down a bit and had some tea. Just try not to eat too much  3!
      After dinner is another time people shouldn't eat or drink anything cold. Drink something hot after you eat, and your stomach will digest (消化) your food better. If you love fruit, summer is a 4 time for you. Go to the market and pick out the best fruit of the season . If you want to stay cool, oranges, bananas, pears and watermelons can 5
       In summer, germs（细菌） grow very fast and make your food 6  bad quickly. Try hard to keep yourself and your home clean in summer. 7 eat clean, fresh food. When you feel like 8  a cold dish, put vinegar（醋） in it to disinfect (杀菌) it. If you can't 9your food and want to eat it again next day, make sure you heat it enough to 10the germs in it. And when you put food in the fridge, make sure to keep  the cooked food away from the uncooked food.

根据短文理解，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。

    Most children love sweet food. However, eating too much candy or drinking too many sugary drinks is 1 for our health. Many countries have started to do 2 to control the amount of sugary drinks kids have.

    The sale and advertisement of 3 drinks have been limited(限制) in Boston, US. It will be impossible to buy sugary drinks in     4. It's reported that about one half of the US population aged 2 and older 5 sugary drinks every day. One in five American children aged 12 to 19 is overweight.

    Many other 6 have taken similar actions. The governments of France and Hungary started a new tax(税) on sugary drinks. They 7 this will keep populations healthier. China is facing the same 8 Middle school students in big cities in China each drink about 1,200ml of sugary drinks every day according to a recent study. The number of overweight 9 has increased 5 to 10 times in the last 20 years.

    Gao Xiang of Harvard Medical School 10 the Chinese government to deal with the situation actively. Gao gave some suggestions, including limiting the sale of sugary drinks in schools and their advertising.

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   Have you ever had trouble sleeping in a new place?
   Lots of people do. And now researchers from Brown University in Rhode Island think they know why. They found that one-half of the brain "remains more awake" than the other half when people are trying to sleep in a new place.
   The sleep findings were reported in Current Biology by Brown University. In their report, the researchers said many people report they have a harder time sleeping the first night  at a hotel or other places outside their home. They call it "first-night influence". "In Japan they say, 'If you change your bed, you can't sleep,'" said Yuka Sasaki, one of the report's writers. "You don't sleep very well in a new place. We all know about it."
   The researchers measured brain waves (测量脑波) for 35 volunteers over two nights in a laboratory. The two nights were a week apart (间隔). They found during the first night the left half of the brain was more active than the right half. This was during the first deep-sleep period, the researchers said. 
   Sasaki said a lot of questions remain.
   Researchers did not keep measuring brain waves all night long. So, they don't know if the left half keeps "watch" all night, or whether it "works in shifts (轮换) with the right half later in the night". They also do not know why the brain activity, at least during the first period of deep sleep, is always on the left half.
   For some, this research may be calming. It is good to know that our brain is "looking out for us" in a new place. But it may not help with sleep. That brain activity, at least according to this new research, makes it harder to get the sleep people need to wake up well rested in the morning.

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    When you work long hours and Sundays are no longer a day to rest, feeling overworked(工作过度) can become the new normal. Take sportsmen as examples and do the same yourself, so you'll know if you're overworking.

    Check your resting heart rate (率). Every day, before you get out of bed, take your pulse (脉搏). Usually your heart rate will stay within a few beats every minute. But when you're overworked, the rate increases. If your heart rate is up in the morning, get a little more rest or sleep that night.

    Check your emotions. Getting angry easily? If you can't put your finger on a clear reason, there may be something wrong with your emotions. Hoping to change the condition won't help. The only way out is a break.

    Check your weight. If you lose or increase more than 1% of body weight from one day to the next, something is wrong. Maybe yesterday you were too busy and failed to notice you didn't eat and drink enough. Or maybe you failed to notice that you were eating too much.

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Why do people smoke? One reason is that people become addicted(成瘾) to cigarettes. The addictive substance(物质）in cigarettes is nicotine(尼古丁). When people smoke, the nicotine goes right into the blood stream and makes people feel comfortable. A smoker's body gets used to the nicotine, and if he stops smoking, he feels nervous. Many smokers try to stop smoking but because of the addiction to nicotine they feel so uncomfortable that they often find it too difficult to do so .

Another reason is that people simply enjoy smoking. Having a cigarette for many people means taking a break. For some people smoking becomes part of certain social rituals (礼仪), f or example, sending the cigarette after dinner. Many people enjoy smoking because it gives them something to do with their hands. Reaching for a cigarette, lighting it and flicking (弹掉) the ashes are special comfort in a situation where they feel nervous.

Many people also like the taste of tar (焦油) in cigarettes. However, it is the tar that causes cancer. While governments and health experts have tried to get people to give up smoking completely, cigarette manufacturers (生产商) have tried to keep selling them by producing cigarettes with less tar. Many people in western countries have welcomed these cigarettes since they found it hard to stop smoking and wanted to reduce the danger to their health.

阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

    Do you want to be in good health? Try to do the following things! You can become stronger.

    Drink eight cups of water every day. Water helps your body in many ways. If you feel thirsty, just have a cup of water.

    Don't forget to eat your breakfast. Breakfast gives you everything your body needs for the morning, so do not forget your breakfast.

    Get enough calcium(钙). Your bones need it. Milk has more calcium. You may also drink soya milk.

    Go for a walk every day after meals. Walking is good exercise, and people need exercise for good health. It's better to walk after meals.

    Stretch for five minutes alter sitting for one or two hours Stretching your arms and legs is good for your body.

    Use your brain(大脑) every day. For example, you can do stand crossword puzzle or read a new book.

    Have a rest for about twenty minutes when you are tired. You may do something different to have a break. For example, stand up and walk. Or sit down to listen to music.

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    Honey to treat a wound. Eat cherries(樱桃) if someone has a pain in his knee. Your grandmother is probably proud of her old-time treatments and now science is catching up with them. Researchers have produced hundreds of studies in the past five years about these grandmothers' old-time home treatments. They are often natural, different from the medicine from the hospitals. Here are some old-time treatments which have been proved (证明) to be useful by the scientists.

Burns Try Aloe     "Aloe is a useful treatment for burns," says a doctor of Visha Skin Care. One study showed it was very useful for second-degree burns. If you have an aloe plant, simply cut open a leaf and use the liquid(汁液) directly to the burnt area. For serious burns, you should still see a doctor.

Eyes Pain Try Cucumber     If you use your eyes for a long time, lie on your back and place one piece of cucumber over each closed eye. Cucumber helps reduce the pain. Replace the pieces with a cooler pair every two or three minutes, for up to 15 minutes total.

Wounds Try Honey     Since ancient Egyptian times, people have used honey to treat the wounds. For best results, scientists advised manuka honey, from New Zealand. Brush some honey directly to a wound every 12 to 24 hours and cover it with a piece of clean cloth.

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    Do you want to be healthy? What can you do to be healthy? Let me tell you.

    Play sports every day. Sports can make you be active and healthy. Running, swimming and playing soccer or basketball are all good sports.

    Eat fruit and vegetables every day. They are all healthy food. Don't eat too much junk food every day. It's not good for your health.

    Get enough sleep. You must sleep for eight or nine hours a day. It's healthy for you. Don't go to bed too late. And remember to get up early the next morning. Then you can have a good day at school.

    Make friends at school. Friends can help you study easily and make you feel happy.

It's easy to be healthy. And if you do those above, you can make it.

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    What problems do the teenagers probably have? Here is a survey showing their main problems.

Problems	Causes	Advice
Feeling stressed	Too much homework. Don't have enough time for their hobbies.	Make a plan for study and hobbies. Find time to relax as possible as you can.
Getting shortsighted	Too much homework. Bad reading and writing habits.	Do the homework or reading in a correct way.
Fights	Don't know how to get on well with classmates.	Make more friends and understand each other. Share your problems with them.
Feeling tired of study	Computer games’ bad influence.	Don't be crazy about computer games. Play them just for a short time when you are tired.
Getting fat	Having more pocket money to buy snacks. Dislike doing exercise.	Use your pocket money to do something meaningful. Spend some time doing exercise every day.

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    Nowadays, many children spend hours a day looking at computer screens or other digital(数码的) products. Some eye care doctors say all the screen time has caused more children to have what they call Computer Vision Syndrome(电脑视力综合征).

    Nathan Warford is an optometrist(验光师) in the US. He says he has seen more children having eye problems. “More children come into my office because their parents have noticed that they have headaches or red eyes, or because their degree of short-sightedness appears to be increasing very fast and they're worried, ” he said.

    Dr Warford says part of the problem is that even if their eyes start to feel uncomfortable or they start to get a headache, some children don't tell their parents, because they don't want their games or the computers to be taken away. Another part of the problem is that people blink(眨眼睛) less often when they look at the screen. A person who uses a computer or a digital product blinks about a third as much as we normally(正常地) do in everyday life. If eyes can't stay wet or are too tired, they will not be protected like normal.

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(A)     More than half the young people in China are nearsighted, according to a survey, which called for great efforts to control the condition. The survey found that eight of 10 senior middle school students were nearsighted, compared with 71.6 percent in junior middle school, 36 percent in primary school and 14 percent of 6-year-olds in kindergarten.	(B)     According to experts, one of the best ways to make thankfulness a part of your life is to keep a diary. For example, before you go to bed every night, write down any positive experience you have during the day, no matter how small. Your mental health will gradually improve.
(C)     "It is in giving that we receive," It turns out that this is scientifically right. Studies have shown that putting the well-being of others before our own without expecting anything in return will give us a strong sense of satisfaction.	(D)     Studies show volunteering reduces stress. Even if you have little time to offer, just the act of giving has been shown to improve your health, possibly by reducing your sense of pain. A new study found that people who said they would volunteer were less sensitive(敏感的) to an electric shock than those who refused.
(E)     Researchers found a clear link between breakfast habits and heart disease risk. Those who didn't eat in the morning were up to 87 percent more likely to cause heart trouble. They did a survey on 6,550 people over 40. Most (59 percent) ate breakfast every day, but 5.1 percent never did, 10.9 percent seldom did, and 25 percent would not eat for a few days.	(F)     Now many children are getting fat. Some of them spend too much time watching TV. Others have to spend a lot of time studying. So they don't have enough time to exercise. A report says that many middle school students spend about 10 hours a day sitting down. And many students like eating sweet food. That also makes them fatter.

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，每空不多于3个单词。

How to Understand Dogs?

Humans are good at understanding others' feelings from the sounds they make. A baby's laugh tells us  he or she is happy. Similarly, we have no trouble  (know) that a dog's energetic bark is a sound of joy.

In fact, the earlier studies have shown we're good at telling the(different) of the dog's barks. Are there similar features that we hear of a baby's laugh, a dog's happy bark or a man's angry cough? A team of researchers designed  survey to know about how humans realized the feelings of dogs from their sounds. Thirty-nine people (invite) to take the survey. They listened to sounds  any expressions. The volunteers judged each sound through (it) emotional class.

The(researcher) results showed a special relationship between how the listeners learned the feeling of each sound and its sound science. This way, (short) calls were regarded as more positive ones than longer calls. By these same simple rules, they came to a conclusion: It may be possible to (easy) recognize man-made feelings in social robots.

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For years, adults have been trying to get kids to drink fewer sugary drinks, especially soda. Kids are not drinking so much soda these days.

Instead, they are drinking more sports drinks. However, there is lots of sugar in such drinks, too.

Scientists at Harvard University did a study and it showed kids were drinking sports drinks a little more than they used to. The scientists got information from two surveys(调查) in 2010 and 2015. In 2015, 22, 000 high school students were surveyed. Almost 6 in 10 of them said they had at least one sports drink a week.

Kids who play on sports teams are likely to have sports drinks every day. They might have one or more sports drinks. And those who watch TV for more than two hours every day are also likely to have one or more sports drinks. Why? There are many ads(广告) for sports drinks on TV, which show that sports stars are having the drinks. What's more, those ads make the drinks look healthy.

Nyree Dardarian is an expert on nutrition. She said, "Water is a better choice for kids though sometimes having a sports drink is fine. Someone on a long bike ride might need to have one. The drinks are also fine for kids in a busy competition. Kids do not need them for a practice, though. Water and an orange will be better for kids. "

下面文章中有五处需要添加小标题，请从以下选项中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。

Getting enough sleep is important for everyone. "Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, rich and smart. "This is an old English saying. If you don't sleep well at night, you aren't going to study well during the day. Good sleep is also important for your health. .

Some people go to sleep easily. Other people can't A lot of things can help you go to sleep easily and get a good sleep. Doing some exercise during the day can help you go to sleep. You can also play ball games, like basketball, soccer or tennis.

Drinking a cup of warm milk may help you go to sleep. Many people also find that listening to quiet music helps them to go to sleep. It can also help you relax and go to sleep.

Follow these and have a good sleep every day. In this way, you can wake up happily in the morning and keep in good health.

A. It means that we should go to bed early at night and get up early in the morning. B. You can watch TV before you go to bed. C. Walking, running and bike riding are good choices. D. Before you go to bed, you shouldn't drink coffee. E. Please take a warm shower before you go to bed. F. If you don't have a good sleep, you may be uncomfortable.

阅读下面短文，请从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Y. F. HOSPITAL

根据短文内容。判断句子正误。

With labels (标签) such as "zero sugar, zero fat, zero calories", some diet drinks(低糖饮料) have been placed in places that are easily seen in supermarkets. But how do these drinks taste sweet without sugar?

One of China's most popular drink brands, Genki Forest, apologized (道歉) on April 10 for deceptively(欺骗地) advertising its products as having no sugar. In a statement, the fast-growing companysaid that the difference between "sugar-free" and "sucrose-free(无蔗糖)"was not well explained in the product packaging, leading to a" misunderstanding?.

Now the company has changed the words from "sugar-free" to "low sugar" on the bottles. But many internet users don't buy the apology and feel like they've been tricked into putting on weight.

In fact, there are many kinds of sugar. Sucrose is just one of them. Other kinds of sugar, such as fructose(果糖) and sugar alcohol(糖醇), are still in Genki Forest drinks. These types of sugars offer little energy, but a small amount of them can make drinks taste sweet. That's why diet drinks like Genki Forest are popular among people who want to lose weight.

However, these sweeteners(甜味剂)might make people eat more. When you eat sweet-tasting things, it sends your brain a "sweet signal", which then tells your body to prepare itself to take in energy. But since diet soft drinks have little energy, the brain will not receive what it is expecting. In this situation, you will feel hungry and start eating more food to get energy.

According to China Daily, drinking too many diet drinks might lead to getting fat and Type 2 diabetes(糖尿病).Compared with sugar-sweetened drinks, zero-calorie sweet drinks are helpful for preventing from being overweight, but compared with water, diet drinks are not that healthy.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项

为多余选项。

Many of us don't pay much attention to eye care. But eye health is very important for us.  Natural eye care should be put in the first place.

There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like not eating right food.  Remember that vitamins A, C and E are good for eyes. Try to eat food that has these vitamins. And you should do eye exercises because they protect your eyesight, too. If a person often exercises and eats the right kind of food, his eyes will stay in good condition for a long time.

 If you have to work in front of a computer, you'd better take a break once in a while.

Something dirty can cause redness (发红) and it will make you feel uncomfortable. Don't rub (揉) your eyes with your hands.  If there's something in your eyes the best way is to clean your eyes by using clean water.  You must also try your best to protect your eyes from harmful things. For example, sunglasses are not just for fashion  (时尚) but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight.

 Being happy all the time can be helpful to a person's eyesight, too. In a word, eye care is very important, no matter how old a person is.

A. It's bad for your eyes, too. B. Try not to read in the strong light. C. Eating healthy food will also be good for your eyes. D. There are two ideas about how to care your ears. E. That is why our eyes should be given a lot of care. F. Televisions, computers and too much reading are also the causes. G. All above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes.

完形填空

What should we do to stay healthy？

One important rule is to exercise 1.The Lee's family try to exercise every day. Lee Fang 2 exercise in the morning because he must be at his job at exactly seven o'clock. But he runs every evening. He would rather run than watch TV. He walks a lot，3.He walks to school every day，and after school he 4 different sports with his friends. Lee Fang goes to a yoga (瑜伽) class 5.

But it wasn't 6 this way. Last year Mr. and Mrs.

Lee used to 7 everywhere，even to the drugstore (药店) two blocks (街区) away. They thought they had to use the car all the time. They wouldn't walk. The Lee's all 8 better now. And they believe you mustn't be lazy. You 9 exercise every day. But you should 10 to get in shape and stay in shape (身体健康) .