医疗保健类 知识点题库

We all know that food gives us energy, but sometimes it can make us much happier when we feel bad. Studies show that foods such as sea fish, bananas, pumpkins and chicken can help fight against bad moods. How can they affect our moods?
Studies show that people living by the sea appear much happier than other people, because the fresh sea air helps them clear their minds and they eat a lot of sea fish.
Bananas have something that is full of Vitamin B6. Having more bananas can help us make a quick decision, and become more confident.
Eating pumpkins can also help people get into a good mood because it's rich in Vitamin B6 and iron(铁)and it will make us happier.
Are you in a bad mood? If you are , don't sit alone. Go to eat such happy food with your friends. Maybe you'll be better.

      I know what you're thinking: pizza? For breakfast? But the truth is that you can have last night's leftovers in the a. m. if you want to.
I know lots of women who skip (跳过) breakfast, and they have a lot of different excuses for doing it. Some say they don't have time. Others think they're “saving” calories, still others just don't like breakfast food.
      But the bottom line is that eating in the morning is very important when you're trying to lose weight. “Eating just about anything from 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all,” says Katherine Brooking, R, D, who developed the super-easy eating plan for this year's “SELF CHALLENGE”. And even pizza can be healthy if it's loaded（装填） with vegetables, and you just eat one small piece.
    Breakfast is one meal I never miss, and the same goes for most weight loss success stories. Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating (吃得过多) later in the day. Researchers at the University of Southern California found that breakfast skippers have a bigger chance of getting weight than those who regularly have a morning meal.
      So eat something in the morning, anything. I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether, and have just coffee or orange juice. I say, try heating up last night's leftovers — it may sound crazy, but if it works for you, do it! I find if I tell myself, “You can always eat it tomorrow.” I put away the leftovers instead of eating more that night. Try it…you may save yourself some pre-bedtime calories. And watch your body get the fat-burning effects.

阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

    When we see a cigarette box, we'll see “Smoking is harmful to your health” on it. Children are not 1 to smoke by their parents or teachers. But in many countries 2 is becoming a bigger problem for young people. Most smokers 3 in their teens or earlier.

    Some students think smoking is very cool, and they can see many people smoking around them. They want to have a 4 .

    “If young people start smoking early, they will probably get addicted(上瘾的)to nicotine(尼古丁). And it will be very hard to 5 later on,” said a professor. A study shows smoking is a problem for many Chinese teens. 6 can we do to make them stop smoking? Some people think we can 7 a law. Teenagers under 18 are not allowed to smoke, or they should be fined. Parents should give up smoking. They can set an example 8 their children.

    “Every year about four million people die of smoking. And if people 9smoking, the number will increase 10 million a year from now on,” said the World Health Organization. So we must learn and tell others about the 10 of smoking.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

    These days many people are interested in losing weight. It is very popular among people, especially young people. Everybody hopes to become thin quickly. Some people even take medicine. Do you know how to control weight? Well… diet and exercise are the right answers. Please read and remember the following tips.

    Tip 1: You should eat only when you are hungry. Don't eat if you don't feel hungry.

    Tip 2: You should eat only food that is good for your health. Don't eat junk food such as hamburgers and French fries.

    Tip 3: It is better to prepare your own food instead of eating out. When you eat out, you may eat too much. That can make you become fatter.

    Tip 4: Don't forget to think about changing your lifestyle. For example, turn off the TV and the computer and take some exercise every day.

    Remember not to be too strict with yourself. Give yourself some free time to find the best way to control your weight.

阅读理解

    Do your eyes jump a few times a second over a period of time? A jumping eye can happen to anybody at any time. There are several reasons for a jumping eye. Let's have a look at it!

阅读理解

    Expert(专家) say that students usually need eight to ten hours' sleep at night, but most Chinese students do not get enough sleep. Some Chinese parents are usually glad to see their children studying late. They will think their children work very hard, but not all parents are happy about this. Once a mother told us that every morning her 10-year-old boy put up one finger (手指)with his eyes still closed, begging(请求) for one more minute to sleep. Like thousands of students " early birds" in China, he has to get up before six every morning.

    A report shows that without a good night's sleep, students seem to be weaker (虚弱)than they should be. Many students have fallen asleep during class at one time or another. Too much homework is not the only reason why students stay up late. Some watch TV or play the computer games late into the night.

    Experts have ever said that the students should develop good study habits. So some clever students never study last, they are able to work well in class.

阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

    Do you know how to do sports? You may think it's a funny1. Does everyone know how to play sports in right ways? I don't think so. Here is some advice. For sports, morning is a 2time than evening. Doing3 before you work or study will make you excited all day. If you do lots of sports before you go to 4, you will find it's 5 to fall asleep（入睡）. And also, don't do sports after dinner at once. It's bad for your 6 . Do a warm-up before doing sports and don't 7with hard sports. The good sports for the young and the old are8. For example, running    9 isn't good for old people. Try to choose right time to10right sports. It will make you healthy.

阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

    Just like a car engine needs petrol(汽油), your body needs fuel(燃料；养料). It needs food!

    The things you eat and drink are turned into energy. You need energy for everything—playing, walking, running, thinking—even sleeping. Feeling hungry may mean you are running low on energy. If it is not mealtime, you may need a snack to re-fuel.

    But what sort of snack should you eat? This is like choosing the right fuel for a car. Some cars, such as racing cars, need the best fuel to go fast and keep their engines running smoothly.

    So, if you want to be at your most lively, choose the best fuel. This means eating healthy snacks. There is no better way to keep your engine running smoothly!

阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

    When we have small cuts in the skin (皮肤), something strange may happen. The cuts are able to heal (疫愈) themselves in a couple of days. How does this happen? Read on, and you will find out the secret.

    Every living thing on the earth is made up of cells (细胞). Cells grow and make new cells. Most cells are very tiny and we can't see them with our eyes. Different cells have different uses. Our skin cells are special ones. The cells on the surface (表面) of our skin are old dead cells. New skin cells are right under the surface. These are the living skin cells. They do work for our bodies. They help protect our bodies and heal cuts.

    Our bodies make skin cells all the time. As the old cells fall off, new cells grow in the same place. Each person makes about 18kg of skin cells during his or her life. Surface skin cells fit together closely with no gaps between them. When you cut or burn yourself, you can harm (伤害) your skin cells. A small cut will not do much harm. Your skin will quickly heal itself by making new skin cells. How do skin cells work? First, the cells near the cut get bigger and move into the gap. Next, these bigger cells meet in the middle. They form a new layer (层) of skin cells. Finally, new cells will grow until the gap disappears completely. In this way, your skin can grow and get well itself.

    How amazing the tiny cells are! Next time you have a cut, don't worry about it. Maybe in a few days, you will be surprised to find it healed.

阅读短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项,使短文意思通顺连贯。

    You often have a cold, headache(头疼),or backache, maybe there is something wrong with your health. Eating healthy food1good for our health. Tofu, milk, vegetables are healthy for us.

    Tofu is a kind of usual2food. We often3it in China Now more and more people4other countries think tofu is good for health5. Many of them like eating it.

    Milk is6kind of healthy food. Every day you should7one or two glasses of milk. It can keep us8.

    Vegetables are very important. You should eat9them. They are nutritious(有营养的).

    As we know, it' s important to keep a balanced diet(均衡饮食)We must have the right kinds of food. We should also eat some chicken, fish and so on. We should eat more fruit and vegetables10less meat.

阅读理解

    Of course you don't want to be sick in your vacation. So what can you do while traveling? There are three things you should remember: relax, sleep and eat well.

    A vacation is a time for relaxing, but very often it is not. Think about what you do when you are a tourist. There are so many places to visit: shops, parks, churches and temples(寺庙). You may spend most of the days walking around these places. Tourists can be very tiring. Do not ask your body to do too much. A tired body means a weak body. A weak body gets sick easily. So sit down for a few hours in a nice place. In good weather, look for a quiet park bench.

    Sleep is also important. If you want to stay healthy, you need to get enough sleep. Your hotel room may be noisy, or the bed may be too hard. Or you may want to stay out late at night. Then you should plan to sleep for an hour during the day. The extra hour can make a big difference.

Finally, if you want to stay healthy, you must eat well. That means eating the right kinds of food. Your body need fresh fruit, vegetables, meat, milk and cheese.

    So remember this: if you want to enjoy your vacation, take good care of yourself. Give your body some rest. Get enough sleep and eat healthy food.

阅读理解

    Recently hand-foot-mouth disease has spread across China. In the past three months, there have been about 41,846 cases (病例) in 30 provinces and regions. The number is increasing. Eighteen Chinese children have died of the disease so far this year.

    What causes the disease and why is it dangerous?

    Hand-foot-mouth disease is a common childhood illness. It mainly affects children under the age of 10. It gets its name from the rash (疹子) that develops on the hands and feet. It can also cause blisters (水泡) in your mouth.

    A child who has the disease will usually have a fever, a runny nose and sore throat. He or she doesn't want to eat or drink because of pain in the mouth.

    Hand-foot-mouth disease is mostly not serious. The fever and rash clear within a few days. But in some cases, the virus (病毒) affects the heart, lungs or brain. This puts the child's life in danger.

    A virus causes hand-foot-mouth disease. The disease spreads easily where a lot of young children are together, such as in a child-care center. Sometimes it can also affect teenagers and adults.

    In order not to pass on the virus, good hygiene (卫生) is important. We should wash our hands as often as possible. Especially we should wash our hands before meals and after going to the toilet.

阅读理解。

    Stress is everywhere in our everyday life. Not only men have it, but also women and young people. 

    The most important reasons of stress are death, illness, exams, making money, changing jobs, ending friendships and so on. How do you know whether you have stress? Could you give your answers to the 8-question note?

	Yes	No
Do you easily get angry?
Do you often sleep badly?
Do you get headaches a lot?
Do you take sleeping pills?
Do you find it difficult to relax?
Do you usually hide your feelings?
Do you smoke and drink a lot to keep quiet?
Do you find it difficult to put your heart into something?

    If you answer "Yes" to more than two of those questions, you are one of those people with stress. So what can you do about it?

    Doing relaxing exercise, talking with friends and listening to light music are all usual ways to relieve stress. However, doctors now say that there are easier ways-people should laugh and smile more often. 

    When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes. They also say that people, especially men, should cry more often, because crying is the natural(自然的)way of relieving stress. 

Reading comprehension，Choose the best answer.

    Reading the instruction (说明) of the medicine before you take it.

    tablespoonful 汤匙 teaspoonful 茶匙 dose剂量

Description: For the relief (缓解) of common cold, cough, headache, fever and sore throat. Direction: You must obey the following dose each time. ●Adults…………………………………………2 tablespoonfuls ●Children: according to age 10-14 years old………………………………….4 teaspoonfuls 6-10 years old……………………………………2 teaspoonfuls 3-6 years old……………………………………..1 teaspoonfuls Repeat above dose every 1/2 hours to 1 if needed until 8 doses are taken. If you do not get better, see a doctor please.

Warning:

1）Put in a cool, dry and clean place. Keep away from sunlight and the reach of children.

2）Don't overdose. In case of overdose, get medical help as soon as possible.

3）Don't take if you have a heart disease, or you are going to give a birth.

阅读理解

    Has anyone ever told you that eating carrots will help you see in the dark?

This is just one of many incorrect beliefs you may have heard. Below, a newspaper has picked out scientific explanations for three mistakes that people make about their eyes. Let's take a look.

    Can eating carrots improve your eyesight?

    Carrots are rich in vitamin A, which helps the eyes to turn light into information for your brain. This allows people to see in darker places.

However, eating more carrots won't help you see better. A certain amount will help, but a large number of carrots will not give you superhuman eyesight.

    If your parents have bad eyesight, will you have bad eyesight, too?

    Myopia (近视) can be passed from parents to children.

    A study by the American Optometric Association found that if both parents are myopic (近视的), there's a 33 to 60 percent chance that their child will be. For children who have one parent with myopia, the chance is 23 to 40 percent, and it's down to 6 to 15 percent for kids with non-myopic parents.

    So if your eyesight is bad, your children might still have good vision.

    Do color blind people see the world in black and white?

    Color blindness doesn't usually mean that people see the world like an old movie. They usually can't tell certain colors from each other, especially green and red. Another commonly confused (困惑的) pair of colors is yellow and blue.

    Our eyes have cone cells (视锥细胞) that sense different wavelengths (波长) of light. If these cells don't work properly, color blindness happens.

    There are different levels of color blindness. Some people are only color blind in low light. However, in the most serious form of color blindness, everything is shades of gray.

阅读理解

When you feel a sneeze（喷嚏）or cough coming on, covering your mouth prevents the spread of germs（细菌）. You probably knew that.

But how to cover your mouth is very important. You might use tissues（纸巾）, and put your used tissues into the bin. "If you don't have tissues, you should sneeze into your elbow, not your hand, even if you are used to doing that." The doctors advised.

"If somebody sneezes into his hands, those germs will be passed on to other people, or other objects that people touch." said Dr. Hill.

Germs are most commonly spread by sneezing and coughing. When they land on your hands, they are passed from hands to things like bills, door knobs（扶手）, lift buttons and other surfaces. At the same time, the people around you can touch them.

"The suggestion was taken seriously about 10 years ago. However, most people didn't pay much attention to it. That means the adults may have missed the advice. But children are often taught in school the right way to cough or sneeze." Dr. Benjamin said.

To be clear, people can't keep away from all the risks in this way, but it's the best choice. At the same time, we'd better wear masks （口罩）and often wash our hands. "Hand washing is one of the most important things people can do to keep healthy." Dr. Hill said.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。

When you visit the doctor, the doctor usually checks to see if your temperature is" normal". Now, new research suggests that the" normal" temperature of humans has been dropping over the last 200 years.

Human beings are warm-blooded animals. So our bodies need to work hard to stay at the same temperature.

Our bodies make heat from the food we eat. For example, we will sweat(出汗) when we 're hot or get goose bumps(鸡皮疙瘩) when we're cold.

Though the human temperature can all be a little different, most doctors consider 37C to be normal. That's been true since 1851, when a German doctor called Carl

Reinhold August Wunderlich studied 25,000 patients. His results showed an average human body temperature of 37C.

For example, a 1992 study found an average temperature of 36.8℃. In 2017, scientists looked at the temperatures of 35, 000 patients in Britain and found their temperatures were 36. 6℃ on average. Many people believed that the differences were because of mistakes in the earlier measurements.

Now a new group of researchers say," On average, the human body temperature seems to have been dropping 0.03℃ every 10 years." The obvious question is" Why?"

One of the researchers says clearly, "We don't know."

One explanation could be simply that humans have become healthier over time. Science and medicine have gotten better, and doctors have found many ways to improve the health of their patients.

The scientists also say it's possible that things like heating(供暖系统) and the air conditioning (空调) help make it.

It's important to remember that this story is about averages. But no matter what your temperature is today, it probably would have been higher if you had lived 200 years ago and that's pretty cool!

A. Still, the scientists do have a few possible explanations. B. We also have other ways to keep our temperature constant( 恒定的). C. But it's not a good way to keep your body healthy. D. In the real world, different people have different temperatures. E. With them, humans don't have to work so hard to control their body heat， and can run at a lower temperature. F. But over time, other scientists studying body temperatures have gotten results with lower average temperatures.

从方框所给的选项中选出合适的小标题填入横线中。

When we think of summer, most of us think of fun activities outdoors. So it seems easy to lose weight over the summer. In fact, though, it's quite possible for us to put on weight. The good news is that we can avoid these problems if we know these ways.

Here are some ways to keep summer weight away.

When we don't have a plan, it's easy to spend summer moving from bed to the computer. So it is necessary to make a work or study plan, like learning a new skill or working at a job.

Because we don't have to go to school, it's easy to sleep late, watch too much TV and eat more snacks as usual. So it's necessary to make sure your summer days follow a schedule -- getting up at the same time each day and eating meals as usual times.

Whenever you're free, find something special to do, like making a dinner for your family. But remember: limit your screen time, no more than two hours a day.

If it's too hot outside or you don't like going to a gym, you can do you exercise indoors. If you love being outdoors, try swimming, running or playing soccer in the early morning or evening. Anyway, don't let the heat stop your exercise plans.

Don't eat too much meat. Choose some fresh fruit. It's better to put your focus on talking with your family and friends, not on food. Also, don't eat too many frozen things like ice cream.

A. Beat the heat                           B. Make a work or study plan C. Think about what to eat                   D. Stay busy E. Put everything in a schedule

阅读理解

 “Wash your hands often and completely, with soap and running water!” We often hear this, but do you follow it? We know it's good for our health to wash hands. There's even a day to make us do it and know more about its importance. It is Global Hand-washing Day and it's on October 15. During the outbreak of COVID-19, washing hands plays an even more important role in preventing the virus (病毒) from going around.

 People think of Doctor Semmelweis from Hungary（匈牙利） as the first person to find out the good results of hand washing. He pointed out the importance of hand washing to doctors, because they often worked with people who are seriously ill. And he saved a lot of people's lives by telling doctors to wash hands with chlorine (氯) before each examination (检查).After that, the number of dead patients became much smaller.

 You might think everyone would be excited, because Dr. Semmelweis solved the big problem . But in fact things were quite different. Although Dr. Semmelweis kept asking doctors to wash their hands with chlorine, not every doctor accepted (接受) his idea. Some even sent him to a mental hospital. His idea became really popular years after he died.

Now that washing hands is of great importance, we should do it as carefully as we can. What's more, it's important to wash our hands in right ways.

根据短文内容，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选择一个最佳答案.

If you have the flu, it's very important to stay home from school. Because it is a(n)1that could make some people ill. We should2it spreading (传播) around. The flu is a fever3one or more of these: cough, sore throat or headaches. If you have the flu, home is the4place to stay. If you stay at home, you won't make other people ill. And if you have the flu,5at home is what you need to get better.

Take these steps if you feel6.

Tell your parents. They will call the7to talk about whether(是否) you have the flu or some other illness.

Stay home from school and other8places. Also, try not to make other people in your family ill. Do that by washing your hands9.

Get rest, drink more water and you'll feel better fast. Be sure to tell your parents how you're feeling10they can take good care of you.

Go back to school only when you're feeling better.