文学艺术类 知识点题库

    Beijing Opera is the most representative of all Chinese traditional dramatic art forms and the largest Chinese opera form. Having a history of about 200 years, it is developed from absorbing(吸收)many other dramatforms, mostly from the local drama 'Huiban', which was popular in South China during the 18th century. It is a scenic（戏剧的）art integrating music, performance, literature, aria, and face painting.

    Theatrical art forms in many other countries do not present singing, dancing and spoken parts in one single drama. An opera singer, for example, neither dances nor speaks on stage; there are no singing or dancing parts in a modern play; in a dance drama, the dancer has no speaking role and does not sing either. Traditional Chinese drama, including Beijing Opera, is a kind of entertainment which includes spoken parts, singing, dancing and acrobatics.

    In addition to its presence in China, Beijing Opera has spread to many other places. Mer Lanfang, one of the most famous performers(表演者)of all time, was the first to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners and made highly successful tours to foreign countries.

    "You will be puzzled(困惑)all the way through and a little bored from time to time; but you will be charmed and interested. You will be strongly attracted to Beijing Opera even if you know nothing of the dramatic background. "This is how one American traveller described his firs experience in watching Beijing Opera.

    Beijing Opera is China's national opera and it is full of Chinese cultural traditions. Welcome to China and enjoy Beijing Opera!

    My people, My country, a 158-mintue film celebrating the 70^th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, is set to hit Chinese theaters on September 30.

    Helmed by well-known director Chen Kaige and supported by six other famous directors, the seven-part anthology (选集) focuses on national memories and presents Chinese ordinary people's stories that took place during seven monumental moments in the past seventy years. It chronicles (记录) the nation's greatest technological and cultural achievements.

    Each different part of China has its own special forms of traditional art. These usually try to show the things are important in life, such as love, beauty and family. The most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, are turned into objects of beauty.

    According to Chinese history, sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming. He sent them out (ask)for help when in trouble. Today, sky lanterns are used at festivals and other celebrations. They (make) of bamboo and covered with paper. When the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise into the air like small hot-air balloons for all to see. They are seen as bright symbols of (happy) and good wishes.

    Paper cutting (be)around for over 1500 years. Paper cutting sounds very easy it can be difficult to do. The paper, usually red, is folded before it is cut with scissors. The Most common pictures are flowers, animals, and things about Chinese history. During the Spring Festival, they are put on windows, doors and walls symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new year.

    Chinese clay art is famous because the clay pieces are so small but they look very real. The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story. The pieces are (careful)shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry. After (dry) they are fired at a very high heat. They are then polished and painted. It takes several weeks (complete)everything. These small pieces of clay art show the love that all Chinese people have for life and beauty.

My book report by Ivy Tang

    This book is for children. It is about the oceans. It tells us about different kinds of water pollution and the things we can do to keep the oceans clean. It also tells us about the different ways we can save water. In this book, Simon Walker said, "Three quarters of the Earth is water. For thousands of years, the oceans have helped us by giving us food and water. Now, we are feeding them with dirty water from factories and rubbish from our homes. Now, the oceans are crying because they are very sick. Please help save them."

    You can see many wonderful photographs of the oceans in this book. There are also beautiful photographs of sea animals like whales and sea horses. You can also see photographs of the famous pink dolphins.  I think it is a very interesting and useful book.

The movie Parasite tells the story of a family in Seoul who lives in a "banjiha(地下室)", like Mr.Kim's.

The story shows the lives of Seoul's poor people, the urban(都市的)poor, many of whom live in semi-basements in the city.

In Seoul, where housing prices have been rising fast, many students and young couples start out renting a "banjiha", with the hope that enough hard work will eventually make them have their own apartments above.

Many of the homes have underground spaces, first built as shelters where the owners were afraid of war with DPRK. Now, these spaces, one of which plays a central role in the movie's plot, are used mainly as underground gyms and home theaters.

Mr. Kim said he saw neighbors leave in tears when they were forced to move out from their underground homes. For now, Mr. Kim said he tried not to think about the future because doing so didn't solve anything.

"You will get sick if you get envious of what you can't have," he said. "Instead, I try to be as positive as I can, thankful for what I have. I try to keep the dignity(尊严)of a hard-working man."

    You may not know the name of your neighbor's dog though you see it every day. But you probably know the name of the smart white dog black ears.

    He is a Snoopy, the main character in the US Peanuts. In the comic, Snoopy has done lots of jobs. He has been a lawyer, a writer, and the first astronaut on the moon.

    Soopy has his own dreams. He works hard to make come true. For example, though people never accept the stories he writes, Snoopy keeps writing because he wants to succeed one day. In Snoopy, people see the truth of the saying: "The only thing you can do in the of failure is to keep on trying. "

    Because of this, Snoopy has become an important cultural character in the US his birth in 1950. American people choose Snoopy as the Top Dog in American Pop Culture.

Teahouse is one of Lao She's most famous plays. He wrote it in 1957. The play has three acts and shows the lives of common people in China from the end of the nineteenth century to the middle of the twentieth century. It tells us the story of Wang Lifa and the customers of his teahouse in Beijing. It describes the changes in Chinese society over fifty years.

Lao She was born in Beijing in 1899. His mother sent him to a teacher's school in 1913. After finishing school in 1918, he became a head teacher of a primary school. In 1924, Lao She left home and went to England. He taught Chinese at a college in London and returned to China five years later. He wrote many plays, novels and short stories about people's lives, and was named "the People's Artist". Lao She is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the twentieth century.

    At Lao She Teahouse today, customers can drink tea and cat delicious Beijing food. If you like the Beijing Opera, traditional music or magic shows, you can enjoy them at the teahouse. Lao She gives a warm welcome to everyone from all over the world.

If you have Problems describing people, don't worry! We'll use popular film characters (角色) to help you learn some useful words.

Do you like Chinese folk music? Maybe your answer is no, but I like it very much Last night, a friend of (my) took me to a concert of Chinese folk music. The piece had a simple name, Erquan Yingyue (Moon Relected on Second Spring), which was played on the erhu, especially moved me. The erhu sounded sad to make me almost cry along with it as I listened. the music was strangely beautiful, under the (beautiful) I sensed a strong sadness and pain. Later I looked up the story of Erquan Yingyue, and I began to understand the sadness in the music.

Abing, a folk musician was born in the city of Wuxi in 1893, (write) the music. His mother died when he was very young. He (teach)to play many instruments by his father, and by age 17, Abing was famous his musical ability. However, after his father died, Abing's life grew (bad). He was very poor. Not only that, he developed a serious illness and became blind. For several years, he had no home He lived on the streets and played music (make)a living.

Chine Operas Cartoon Festival Kicks off Thursday

An art festival that calls attention to Chinese opera cartoons will kick off in Beijing on Thursday, Feb 4 and rum until Feb 26.

The festival is prepared by the Chaoyang Cultural Center and the Culture and Travel Office of Chaoyang, Beijing. The staff members are hoping the festival will get more foreigners and young people to learn more about traditional Chinese culture.

Classical Chinese operas, chosen from 360 kinds of operas in China, are made into cartoons and will be shown to the public. The cartoon characters look lively and cute, which can quickly be loved by the public. Activities will also be held during the festival, such as showing the primary posters and writings, and opera costumes.

Since the festival is mainly held online, people can take part in the activities by watching videos on online short-video platforms (平台) like Douyin and Huoshan Video, known as Tik Tok and Vigo Video outside China.

People can also enjoy a 360-degree wide view of the activities online. By clicking a mouse of a computer or using a mobile phone, people can choose wherever they like to view the activities at home.

Little Women is Louisa May Alcott's most famous novel. The novel follows the 1 of the four March sisters-Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy-and is based on the writer's own 2 of growing up with her three sisters during the American Civil War(1861-1865).

The main theme in the story is the importance of 3. Other themes include the need to work and self-improvement.

When the story begins the sisters are complaining because they are 4 and have to work. Their mother says that they mustn't spend money on pleasure 5 there is a war and everybody must help. Their father is in the army. In the letters their father sends home, he tells his daughters to work hard and not to waste their time. They must try to 6 the bad things in their lives and stay cheerful. He wants to be proud of them when he comes home. The girls decide to make an effort to 7 themselves because they love and miss their father very much.

Alcott was interested in women's rights and through the four March sisters, she explored (探索)four different 8 of being a woman in those days. Meg leaves the family to get 9 and have a new family. Beth devotes (致力于)herself to 10 her own family. Amy focuses on herself and her own pleasure. And Jo, like Alcott herself, tries to have a career in writing and care for her family at the same time.

In a small town named the Run Run Town, everybody likes to run fast. They run and run, and "Wham!"—it is unavoidable that they will knock into each other.

So begins The Run Run Town, a Chinese picture book written by Yadong and drawn by Maike. What happens after every crash is a playful rendition of the idea of "combination" (joining things together), which, as the author points out, is important in everything from the beginning of life to written language, human imagination, science discoveries, and inventions.

Some of the "combinations" in the picture books are really fun. A lady knocks into a dolphin. Guess what we get? A mermaid! In the Run Run Town, even mountains are restless and don't like to stay still. When a fire-breathing dragon knocks into a walking mountain, a volcano is born.

Some of the "combinations" come from Chinese language and culture. Why would the crash of a cat and an eagle produce an owl? Because in the Chinese language, "owl" is "mao tou ying" or "cat-headed eagle." Steamed bread and meat balls knock into each other, and delicious steamed buns are ready to be served.

Other "combinations" are based on science. A spot of blue and a spot of yellow rush to each other and create a spot of green, reminding us of Little Blue and Little Yellow by Leo Lionni. A young man and a young woman run towards each other, and, on the last page of the book, a happy nuclear family of three is born.

What would you imagine if you are asked to add a picture or two to the book? When I tried to answer the question myself, I found it difficult to come up with impressive invention ideas. So instead I will share a creature I have found elsewhere.

The Classic of Mountains and Seas, a Chinese classic book that first appeared as early as the fourth century BC, describes imaginary beings, gods, and deities. There is a Chinese version of a "mermaid" "in The Classic of Mountains and Seas: people in a country called "Diren" are described as having human faces, the bodies of fish, and no feet.

Next time when you see those magical beings in The Run Run Town, you will be able to understand how they come to be.

Do you like the number 13? In the past, a lot of tall buildings didn't have the 13th floor.

  For example, the number "4" is said to be unlucky because it sounds like the Chinese word for "death". But that's just one example about numbers in China.

When I first came here, I was surprised to see that many websites had numbers in their names instead of letters. I soon found that this is actually convenient, as Chinese characters (汉字) cannot be used for website addresses.

 .

In pinyin, the telecom company China Unicom is called Zhongguo Liantong. If the company used their pinyin name for their website address, it would be quite long. .

In addition, the pronunciations of some numbers sound similar to other words in Chinese. This is wordplay (双关语). For example, the numbers "5-2-0" in Chinese sound similar to the pronunciation of the Chinese phrase "I love you". .

To many people, the word "Hollywood" has two meanings. Hollywood is a place in Los Angeles, California, the US.

Hollywood was just farmland (农田) in 1870. Early American movies were made in other places, such as New York and Chicago.

The weather was so bad that he couldn't finish the movie. He had to find a warmer place. He decided to take a trip to the south of California and found it was sunny all year round there. Later, his company (公司) made a studio (摄影棚) in Hollywood. Soon almost all important American studios were in Hollywood, Los Angeles.

Quite a lot of movies were made, most by a few large studios, directors, actors and writers worked for these studios.

Many famous and fantastic movie stars, like Bette Davis and Clark Gable, lived in Hollywood.

A. In 1907 a director made a movie in Chicago.

B. Hollywood is also the home of American movies.

C. Hollywood, the place in Los Angeles, also reached its high point in these years.

D. The next thirty years were Hollywood's greatest years.

E. The director thought the south of California was the best place for making movies.

Happy Rain on a Spring Night

By Du Fu

Good rain knows its time right;

It will fall when comes spring.

With wind it steals in night;

Mute, it moistens(滋润) each thing.

Over wild path dark cloud spreads;

In boat a lantern looms(隐约可见).

Dawn sees saturated reds(深红);

The town's heavy with blooms(盛开).

The poem Happy Rain on a Spring Night, witen by famous Chinese poet Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty, describes a scene of spring rain. It expresses Du's care for the farmers and his wish for a peaceful life.

In the first couplet(联), Du expresses his love for the spring rain because it moistens everything, And Chinese people take spring rain as an important part of their life. The second lines describe the rain from the angle of hearing. It comes so quietly at night that no one realizes it. The third couplet is about the sense of sight. In the dark rainy night, the only lights on the boat shine. And the last two lines are in the writer's imagination. Because of the spring rain, people will enjoy tomorrow's bloom.

Books are the ladder of human progress. Let's read the brief introduction of the following books now. Car you name all of them?

It is an interesting story. Long long ago, there was a lovely girl. She was very kind to people. But her mom died. Her stepmother was a bad woman. She thought the little girl was more beautiful than her. So she wanted to kill her. But the girl was saved by seven dwarfs. And they lived happily together...

Once upon a time, there was an emperor who loved wearing different clothes every day. One day, two cheaters came into the country and said that they could provide a beautiful new piece of clothing for the emperor. They said that the clothing was so special that people couldn't see it unless they were clever enough. In fact, they wanted to keep some of the emperor's treasures for themselves, and they used nothing to make the new clothes...

 This novel is written by American author Louisa May Alcott. It is about the lives of four sisters. The novel tells the story of the sisters' childhood to womanhood. It was written in 1867 and it is perhaps based on the author and her three sisters...

This book is created by Daniel Defoe, an English writer, shipwrecked（遭遇海难）on a deserted island, the man lived on the land for 35 years. During that time, he saved another man from cannibals（食人族）and named him Friday...

The book is about the young girl named Alice who falls down a rabbit hole and gets transported to Wonderland where she meets the characters like the Cheshire Cat（柴郡猫）, the Mad Hatter, the March Hare, and the Queen of Hearts...
 

Chia's Spring Festival blockbuster (大片)"Hi, Mom" beat the 2017 American superego Film "Wonder Woman" at 5.39 billion yuan on Tuesday and made Chinese film director Jia Ling overtake Patty Jenkins to be the world's highest-grossing female director for a single film.

The achievement was made 54 days after its release on February 12, the first day of Chinese New Year. "Hi, Mom" is currently the second highest-grossing film only after the 2o17 action-adventure film "Wolf Warrior 2", according to China's movie-ticketing platform. They are the only two domestic-produced films among the top 100 grossing films worldwide.

"Hi, Mom" is the first film directed by Jia Ling, who is a comedian and actress. It stars Jia who was saddened by her mother Li Huanying's accidental death, magically transported back to 1981 to become a friend of her mother and tried her best to delight and planned a better life for her mother.

"Although the film has a strong individual mark, it causes many people's empathy, "said professor Tian Huiqun at the School of Arts and Communication of Beijing Normal University. He added that it is hard to copy the film's success since Jia and the film itself can not be reproduced.

The success of "Hi, Mom" also became a milestone to mark the growth of" She power" in the man-dominated film industry in the last-ten years. However, some film critics say that the film's success is just because people are interested in women topics for the time being, and money goes to people's interest.

"Women creating films is still not an easy task, "Dong Yige, assistant professor in the Department of Global Gender and Sexuality Studies at University at Buffalo, "Why not use female audiences' power to push the women creation?"

Traditional Chinese festivals are now getting more and more important and popular. Here're China's seven important traditional festivals.

People from Europe (欧洲）and America brought Africans (非洲人)to America as slaves (奴隶) before and during the 19th century. These Africans brought their music with them. After the American Civil War (美国内战), the African-American people in the U. S. A were hot slaves. Their music became famous. It started in the south, then it traveled to the North (北方). Music became blues (布鲁斯) and then jazz.

Blues and jazz became very popular in the 20th century. A person sang the blues when he or she felt sad. Usually, he or she lost something—a person or maybe money or their work. Blues express (表达) sad feelings, sometimes in a funny way. People played blues first with only one or two instruments, for example, a guitar, a harmonica (口琴) or a piano. Sometimes they sang without any instruments. Some famous blues musicians are Bessie Smith, John Lee Hooker and B. B. King.

Jazz came soon after blues. Composers used more musical instruments. Jazz can be happier and is often faster. Some famous jazz musicians are Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong, Miles Davis and Wanton Marsalis.

Musicians change the music to show their emotions(情感) when they play blues and jazz. They play the music differently each time. Today people all over the world still like to listen to blues and jazz because all people have strong feelings sometimes.