短文题材 知识点题库

I always feel stressed in winter. I have so many things to do but the evening arrives quickly. I'm always worried I can't finish the work every day. —Linda

It's strange that in winter people often get hungry easily. I often eat more and put on weight in winter. The colder it is, the hungrier I feel.—John

The flu is usually serious in winter. Many people around me have flu. I'm so afraid of catching flu. Sometimes I never get in touch with anyone that has flu.—Li Hua

In winter, I always feel sad for no reason. I don't have interest in doing anything when it is grey. How could I change the bad feeling？—Sam

I have trouble sleeping in winter. I often have many dreams. Sometimes there are several bad dreams at one night. I even fear to sleep at night.— Lily

阅读下列短文, 从下面每个小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Breakdancing, also known as breaking, will be an Olympic sport for the first time in 2024. To attract younger people to watch sports games, breaking is becoming a new event at the 2024 Paris Olympic Games. Paris 2024 Olympics will see 16 b-boys and 16 b-girls compete in one-on-one “battles”. The top finishers will get the Olympic prize.

Breaking is a kind of street dance. It is also part of the hip hop movement. It grew up together with hip hop during the early 1970s. It was really popular among African American and Latin American young people.

In the past, people wouldn't believe that street dance could become an Olympic sport. However, it comes true now. When the International Olympic Committee says breakdancing will be added to the 2024 Paris Olympic Games, a lot of people are excited. “It is a historic time not only for b-boys and b-girls, but for all dancers around the world. We thank everyone who helped make it possible,” says Shawn Tay, president of the World DanceSport Federation (WDSF). WDSF is happy about the result and it will prepare for the breakdancing competition to make the event unforgettable.

Skateboarding, surfing and rock-climbing are also becoming the 2024 Paris Olympic events. In fact, the three new sports have already been added to the program for the 2021 Tokyo Olympics. These new sports are going to make Olympics more attractive.

There was a fire in the factory at about 1: 40 last night. A reporter interviewed some people about it this morning.

On December 26th, 2020, China passed a new law to protect the Yangtze River, the "mother river" of China. It is Yangtze River Protection Law. It took effect（生效）on March 1st, 2021. It's the first law to protect a waterway in China.

The 6,397-kilometer Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia. It covers an area of about 1.8 million square kilometers, about one fifth of the national total. The Yangtze River provides one third of the country's freshwater resources（淡水资源）, but it has met lots of environmental problems in recent years, such as heavy pollution and overfishing. Especially, the river's Chinese paddlefish（白鲟）has died out. So the "mother river" is in great need of protection. To solve these problems, China put a 10-year fishing ban（禁令）at the beginning of this year to protect fish resources.

According to a report of the government, the fishermen said they would give up fishing along the Yangtze River to protect the "mother river". Chinese officer Han Zheng said that more support should be given to the fishermen to help them find new jobs and places to live.

Yangtze River Protection Law includes resource protection and green development. The government says the purpose of the new law is to strengthen（加强）environmental protection, use resources well and make the development sustainable（可持续的）.

The world's highest highway tunnel(公路隧道), Mila Mountain Tunnel, was open to traffic on April 26, 2019, at an altitude(海拔) of over 4,750 meters above sea level in Southwest China's Tibet.

The two-way tunnel is over 5. 7 km long, which is a part of the 400-km highway connecting Lhasa with Nyingchi. People started building the tunnel on the5, 018-meter-high Mila Mountain in 2015. And it was finished in 2019, helping shorten the 18-km distance(距离)over the mountain to 5. 7 km.

It wasn't easy to build the highest tunnel in China. Terribly cold weather and too little oxygen(氧气)were two main difficulties. Besides, carrying everything to the building site(工地)was a great challenge for over 2, 000 workers.

However, everyone at the site worked hard to finish building the tunnel on time and more than 10 latest techniques were developed while the workers were doing this great project. "We've worked here for several years and lived in simple houses, "said XuYong, the leader of the project. "Everything was so difficult, but we never fee sorry for ourselves here. It is a great project. "

The highway is an important way to the eastern part of Tibet. It can help to make more people visit Tibet and bring traffic convenience to local people.

In the cafeteria at Hengyang No. 1 Middle School in Hunan Province, new banners (条幅) are put up: Who knows that each bowl of rice is the fruit of hard toil (谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦)?Clear your plate; refuse to waste food.

This is part of a nationwide campaign to cut down on food waste in China. The cafeteria's manager told Hengyang News that they used to waste 100 kg of food every day. But this amount has dropped by 75percent, as students are encouraged to take just the amount of food they need.

Many restaurants in China are also joining in. They encourage people to order dishes using the "N-1'formula(公式). "N' stands for the number of diners at a table . So if there are six people at your table, you should order just five dishes. If people can't finish their meals , they are encouraged to take the leftovers(剩菜) home.

In fact, food waste has been a big problem for a long time around the world. According to a study by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese restaurants wasted 17 to 18 million tons of food a year from 2013 to 2015. That could feed 30 to 50 million people for a whole year. The UN says there are 820 million people around the world who live in hunger.

By cutting down on food waste, we could help put food on the empty plates of many hungry people.

Do you get lots of reading tasks as part of your homework? You might wish that you could read faster. There are some people who say that you can learn to read at super-high speed. But experts disagree on this idea.

"Speed reading is not actually possible, " said Elizabeth Schotter, a scientist at the University of South Florida, US. Schotter pointed out that people who say that they can teach others how to speed read are usually doing it to make money by selling courses and books.

In fact, speed reading has been made known to people since 1959, when Us educator Evelyn Wood introduced a speed reading program. Several US presidents have even asked their officers to take speed reading courses. However, there is no real science behind speed reading.

Schotter explained that reading is a task difficult to finish. It includes four steps: seeing a word, getting back its meaning from your memory, connecting it to other words in the same sentence , and then moving on to the next word. This process uses many parts of the brain at one time. It can't be sped up.

Some people who say they are able to speed read are simply skimming. Skimming involves reading a passage quickly and only looking for certain words or sentences. Skimmers can figure out the main idea of a passage—especially if it's a topic they're familiar with——but they will not be able to remember all the pieces of the information.

So is there a way to become a faster reader? Research suggests that you should try to improve the number of your words and simply read more.

I am a student in China now. My name is Kelly Smith. I live with my parents, two sisters and a brother in Beijing. My parents teach English in No. 6 Middle School. I study in the same school. I am happy here, because I like my new school and the classmates. They are very kind to me. They like to play with me because I look different from them. I have blue eyes and long blond hair. They often say I look like a doll. And I speak English well, so lots of students like to talk with me to improve (提高) their English.

Yuan Longping is a great scientist who developed hybrid rice(杂交水稻) in China. His research greatly solved the problem of the food shortage in the world.

Yuan Longping started the research in 1964. He put forward the idea of hybrid rice, did experiments(实验) on the farm, and succeeded in 1973. The new technology was tested in many areas of South China in 1974, and then he continued to test it in other areas. China has become the first country that can produce hybrid rice. Yuan made it possible to grow hybrid rice in large amounts, and he is called the "Father of Hybrid Rice".

Besides being a respected(受人尊重的) scientist, he is also a romantic husband and a caring grandfather.

Yuan's granddaughters remembered that when he traveled to Hong Kong, he wanted to buy his wife a new watch, but it was too expensive, so he bought a candy instead. When he was 90 years old, his family held a birthday party. Hundreds of people came to the party. There was a moving moment：Yuan cut the first piece of cake and immediately gave it to his wife. They also said that their grandfather paid much attention to their English and math studies. No matter how tired he was after work, he would still ask about their studies.

Yuan Longping loved playing the violin, swimming and driving. What's more, he had a special habit—playing mahjong(麻将) with friends for an hour every evening to train his brain. Just like common people, the scientist laughed when he won and didn't hide his disappointment when he lost. When his requirement(请求) to build a research center was agreed to, he was very excited.

This is Yuan Longping: an ordinary(普通的) person who made great achievements.

    Spam(垃圾邮件) is a fact of Internet life. Some of it carries bad things, but the main problem with spam is that it is unpleasant because it fills your mail box with pointless messages.

    Most email programmes have built-in filters(过滤器) that will discover unwanted messages and put them into a, junk folder(垃圾文件夹). You can make the filter learn what you consider to be spam or block certain senders.

    Avoid letting your email address appear on websites spammers search the Internet for email addresses. Be careful who you give your email address to, and if you need to send out several copies of an email, use blind copy instead to cover the other people s addresses.

    Delete(删除) spam emails without opening them. Signs of possible spam are bad spelling in email headers, strange sender addresses, or emails sent at unusual hours. If you do open a spam mail, never reply to it or click on any pictures it may have.

    If you receive an unexpected email pretending(伪装) to come from your bank, credit card company or other sup- pliers, be very careful. If the email asks you to reply, don't do it! Instead, call up these places or visit their websites.

    Consider setting up a second email address and keep one address for your personal use and another for your online communication.

Lizzie's diary from Antarctica (南极洲)

Day 3: Tuesday December 2

We planned to go to Rothera that morning. We'd be staying there for the next two weeks. Because Antarctica is the windiest place on the earth, sometimes you can't fly at all.

We had a nervous wait over breakfast to find out if we'd be leaving that day. People have to stay in Stanley for weeks while the pilots wait for good weather.

It turned clear at 9:30 and we took off at 10:30 on a little red plane called a Dash-7. But even when we were in the air, there was still a chance we wouldn't be able to fly the whole day.

Day 4: Wednesday December 3

After waking up in the Antarctic for the first time today I can understand why everybody who comes here falls in love with the place. It is really beautiful.

We're staying at Rothera Survey Base with mountains of ice all around. It's about -2℃ today, which for me is very cold, but I often see the regulars (常客) here walking around in T-shirts.

Day 5: Thursday December 4

I woke up to another beautiful sunny day here in the Antarctic. I'm told it's a bit colder today, about -1℃, but it's not very windy so it feels warmer. Those of us who are new to the base have to do a special training course before we're allowed to go off base to other stations or to go snowboarding over the nearby hill.

Day 7: Saturday December 6

Not a cloud in the sky and it's warm enough to sit outside (in a jacket).

The most amazing thing about this place is how the scenery（风景）changes every day. At first, I thought I was going mad. I'd step outside in the morning and think," I'm sure that big mountain of ice wasn't there yesterday." It's because the sea ice is always moving—slowly thankfully!

Do you run every day to show the steps on WeRun? Do you often take pictures of yourself while exercising and then share them on WeChat？Now many people love sharing fitness data（健身数据）online Now if you want to know how many steps you take a day, you can just wear a special watch, put on special shoes or use different apps on the phone. When you see the data, you can just share it with your friends on the Internet. Doctor Daniel Kraft is working on the fitness apps. He said more people would share fitness data in the future.

I agree with him. There's a great change in the way people exercise. My friend Anna is always using the newest fitness app. Every day, she uses it while she's running. She always shares the data and pictures on WeChat. "It's nice to know how much exercise I have done, "she said. "It keeps me exercising to be healthy. "Anna is doing the right thing. That's why I give her a like on my phone each day.

①At the age of 14, I had an illness which the doctors said would leave me in a wheelchair at 25. Luckily, it didn't happen as predicted. I am very thankful tat the illness never spread to my legs.

② Still, everything I did hurt, from opening a door to putting on my clothes. Two years later, I no longer had the ability to move my left hand. I was in constant pain because I didn't have the muscle（肌肉） strength required to do these simple tasks.

③ After undergoing 40 years of this illness, I decided to step into the world of new healing. I learned to allow the flow of peace to heal and care for me. Healing is having the courage to love yourself, and trusting you have a better life. When I got used to that new belief system, I started to become healthy.

④ Slowly and steadily, I was unlocking myself from the only world I had known. I began to imagine a new life filled with joy and thanks. If my heart healed, my body would heal.

⑤ As I became more in touch with the energy around me, I learned the unbelievable power of words and how we receive exactly what we ask for. I came to understand that everything in life is an offering, a chance to grow.

⑥ We always have a choice. We can be lost in past belief patterns and behaviors that no longer serve us, or we can create a new story, one that is truer to our real self.

⑦ I learned that forgiveness +compassion（同情）= healing. When we forgive ourselves, and others. we heal the hurt and discomfort. When we are kind and graceful, we attract the same. Healing is based in the heart, not the mind. As a result of my learning, I now live each day in joy and thanks.

No one wants to be in a life-or-death situation. However, if you are getting into such a dangerous situation, what will you do, fight or flight?

When 13-year-old Joe Rowlands and his dad were in a kayak (皮艇) accident, the brave (勇敢的) teenager chose to fight. He not only fought for his own life, but also saved his father's.

On that day, Joe and his father Paul were out on their kayak off the coast(海岸)of Anglesey in the UK. Suddenly they noticed that the kayak was starting to fill with water. Then they found out there was a hole in the floor of the boat. Without another choice, Paul turned the boat over. He asked Joe to climb on top so that he could push the boat to a nearby island (岛屿).

However, the rough(汹涌的) waves made it too hard for Paul to push the boat to land. They had to swim without the boat. Luckily, Joe made his way to the island safely. But when he looked back, he found his dad was no longer swimming. Risking his life, Joe jumped back into the cold water and tried to drag (拽) his dad up onto some rocks. Then Joe did CPR(心肺复苏) on his dad until he came around.

"I'm very proud (自豪的) of him. He acted with courage. "Paul said of his son.

Right now you probably spend most of your time in school. Do you wonder what you are going to do after high school? Will you continue to go to school? Will you learn a trade? Some day work will be a big part of your life.

What kind of job would be right for you? You may like to listen to music, dance, play basketball, or work with computers. Knowing both your interests and skills will help make a better plan for your career （职业）.

To get an idea of what work you would like to do, make a list of your interests and a list of your skills. Think about what you have done to be successful in your interests. You can later keep your lists with the projects and documents （文件）that can help you achieve the career you want. They can help you know more clearly about your achievements in school and in the world of work.

Roberta Zhan, an art designer, finds her work satisfying because it allows her to use her interests and skills. She enjoyed imagining something in her mind's eye while she was in school. She took art, design, and computer lessons, and also learned about taking photos on her own.

Here is what she says about the meaning of work: " It means using your talents, making a contribution (贡献)and getting a real sense of satisfaction from doing a job. "

    Alan is an English boy. Now he studies in Shanghai Yu Cai Middle School. He is in Grade Seven. He has a dog. It's black and white. The dog is very clever. Alan likes it very much. Its favourite food is bone (骨头). Every day when Alan gets home, the dog meets him in front of the house Alans friend, Jenny, is an American girl. She is in Shanghai, too. They are in the same grade, but in different classes. She has a pet panda. It's also black and white, but it's not a real (真正) panda. It's a toy. The panda is very tidy. Jenny often washes it.

    On Sunday, Alan and Jenny go to the park together (一起) with their parents. The park is not far (远), so they go there by bus. It takes them about ten minutes to get there. There are many people in the park. There are men and women, the old and the young. There is a big lake in the middle of the park. Some children are swimming, and some are rowing boats with their parents. Alan and Jenny go boating, too. They have a good time there. How happy they are!

Wan, Zuocheng and his wife Xiong Gengxiang had run a restaurant near a cancer hospital in Nanchang, Jiangxi since 1993. They later set up a breakfast stall(摊).

In 2003, a woman whose child was suffering from bone cancer went to their stall, asking to borrow their stove to cook food. She said her kid wanted to eat food cooked by her. From then on

The couple allowed people to use their cooking tools for free. With the costs of water, electricity and coal rising, people started paying. However, and rose to 1 yuan in 2016.

The son of the couple once tried to stop them serving the patients, worrying the tiring work would affect their health. But the couple think that helping the patients makes them happy.

Having seen to many deaths over the years, the couple have found their meaning of life. "For us, without the patients, and for the patients, they would face difficulties without us." said Wan.

The elderly couple has been honored as "People Who Moved China in 2020" for their kindheartedness. However, they were absent from the award ceremony (颁奖典礼) because they wanted to keep providing kitchen services for the patients during the Spring Festival holiday.

What will you do on your birthday? are two answers about what they do on their birthdays. Ted, a boy Thailand(泰国), says, "My birthday is May 3rd. I must light two candles on the night of May 2nd. They are as tall me. They are the of long life and they can bring good luck to me.

So I can't out them at the party.Is that interesting？"Jenny, a girl from Mexico(墨西哥), says, "Things in my country are from those in China. On my , my friends and families come to my birthday party as early as they can. This can bring luck to me. But, in this way, my mum often me up at night. Though I'm a little tired, I feel very happy."