人教版（2019）选择性必修四高中英语 Unit 3 Sea Exploration Section I

Jennifer Fish, a weather forecaster, may soon be replaced by something truly fishier—the shark.

Research by a British biology student suggests that sharks could be used to predict storms.

Laura Smith, 24, is close to completing her study on sharks' ability to sense pressure.

If her studies prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behaviour of sharks to predict bad weather.

Miss Smith had previously studied the behaviour of lemon sharks in the Bahamas.

She then used their close relatives, lesser spotted dogfish(猫鲨), for further research at the University of Aberdeen.

Her work—thought to be the first of its kind to test the pressure theory—resulted from the observation that juvenile blacktip sharks off Florida moved into deeper water ahead of a violent storm in 2001.

Miss Smith said, "I've always been crazy about travelling and diving and this led me to an interest in sharks."

"I was delighted to have been able to research in the area for my degree. I know there's so much more we need to understand—but it certainly opens the way to more research."

It has been discovered that a shark senses pressure using hair cells in its balance system.

At the Bimini Shark Lab in the Bahamas, Miss Smith fixed hi-tech sensors to sharks to record pressure and temperature, while also tracking them using GPS (Global Positioning System) technology.

In Aberdeen, she was able to study the effects of tidal(潮汐的) and temperature changes on dogfish—none of which were harmed. She also used a special lab which can mimic(模拟) oceanic pressure changes caused by weather fronts.

She is due to complete her study and graduate later this year. She says she will be looking for a job, which will give her the chance to enrich her experience of shark research.

An Italian company has created the world's first underwater farm. The station named Nemo's Garden consists of five biospheres(生物圈) fixed to the bottom of the sea off the coast of Savona, Italy. They're being used to grow strawberries, beans, garlic, and lettuces.

"The main target of this project is to create other sources of plant production in areas where environmental conditions make it difficult to grow crops through traditional farming, including lack of fresh water, fertile soil, and extreme temperature changes," said project spokesperson Luca Gamberini.

The five biospheres, currently floating between depths of 18 and 36 feet, are constantly watched by Ocean Reef Group—a diving equipment company—from a control centre on dry land. According to various news reports, the plants are watered by drips of water on the inner walls of the biospheres. With a constant temperature of 79 degrees day and night, and humidity(湿度) at around 83 percent, the conditions are ideal for plants to grow well. The high amount of carbon dioxide also encourages growth.

Ocean Reef president Sergio Gamberini said he came up with the idea of growing plants underwater during a summer vacation in Italy. In his own words, he wanted to do something that's different and to show the beauty of the ocean. After two years of failed attempts, they finally were able to get these five biospheres working. Their success may lay the foundation for a new form of crop production that can be done without harming the environment.

In fact, the biospheres seem to be attracting wildlife. Octopuses(章鱼) and endangered seahorses are taking shelter under the structure, while crabs(螃蟹) are climbing up the anchors and into the greenhouses. None of the creatures have damaged the plants so far. "It's so kind of science fiction to see these two different forms of life interact," Gamberini said.

In high school, it's important to stay healthy. How can you study well if you're sick? So you should pay attention to your health in order to study well in high school. In order to enjoy good health, you should have some good habits. Here are some tips for you.

Drink water regularly every day. Some students don't like drinking water. They only drink water when they are extremely thirsty. You should drink water regularly so that your body and brain can function well. Avoid sports drinks and soda when you are thirsty. They are not good for your health.

 Some students don't eat three meals a day. No matter what happens, you should not skip any meal of the day. Eating regularly helps keep your metabolism(新陈代谢) rate high and keep your energy up. It's especially important to eat a good breakfast every day with protein, carbohydrates(碳水化合物), and fibre to set you up for the day of activity. If you don't eat, how can you stay focused in class?

Eat the right foods. Some students eat whatever they can get. This is wrong. Choose whole grains like rice and whole wheat flour. Skip muffins(松饼), donuts, and other processed foods. Instead, choose whole grains, fruit and vegetables.

 If you do that, you can get distracted(注意力分散的). Therefore, you may not pay attention to how much you are eating. You may eat too much. Eating too much harms your health. And you may gain too much weight because of it. Try to eat slowly so your brain sends the right signals to tell your belly that it's full.

A. Don't skip meals.

B. This is bad for their health.

C. Eat a good breakfast every day.

D. Avoid eating too much at one time.

E. Don't watch TV or movies when you eat.

F. If you are unhealthy, you may fall ill easily.

G. You should eat the foods that are good for your body.