广东省广州市荔湾区2020-2021学年高二下学期英语期末统考试题

When you grow up in Voss, outdoor adventures become a way of living. This is why visitors will find outdoor activities for all ages and levels. Many people get the impression that such activities as river sports, air sports and other extreme sports are only for the experts. Actually, you will find many outdoor adventures for those who simply want a taste of these elements in Voss.

◆River Kayaking

The river in Voss are great for river kayaking. If you are a beginner, we advise you to try an introduction course of 3 hours. A course of 2 days can be tested out if you really want to learn the sport of kayaking. Get a totally new experience with one of the best kayak centers in Norway.

Prices From NOK 850 per person

◆Rafting

The most popular summer activity in Voss. Thrilling, fun and suitable for beginners as well as those with experience! Includes transportation, safety instruction, swim test and about 8km of breathtaking rafting starting off in softer steams before getting on to the more exciting streams.

Season Daily May—October

Prices From NOK 1,120

Info All necessary equipment is provided. Please bring your own swimwear and towel.

◆Bavallsekspressen Chair Lift

Explore the mountain by riding the Bavallsekpressen chair lift all the way to the top to get immediate access to a great variety of hiking trails in beautiful scenery. The lift is also open for those who want to bring their bike or paraglider. Start and end: From Bavallen to Hangurstoppen.

Season: Sat/Sun 24 June—06 August 12:00-16:00

Prices Single trip: NOK 100 Day pass: NOK 250

◆Husdyrparken

At Husdyrparken, visitors get to experience Norwegian farm animals. You can participate in animal feeding and farm competitions, or simply relax with an organic ice cream in the café. You can also visit a small museum with old farming equipment.

Season: Daily 18 June—21 August

Prices: Adults NOK 120 Children NOK 60 Senior NOK 60

Family Pass NOK 200 (For up to two adults and two kids)

When I was a child, I attained high grades in my academic study. However, I was physically uncoordinated because I was running too slowly. But for future college application, sport was a must. So I took up fencing (击剑) because I thought it required more strategy than athletic ability.

Then I joined the school's fencing team. My movements were clumsy compared to the seniors. One afternoon after a whole lesson's failure, tears of frustration welled up in my eyes. One of my teammates approached me, "Could you tell me where your blade (剑) hit me?" She asked. I pointed to her right shoulder. She nodded and patted my stomach, "That's where I hit you." She had begun to walk away when I blurted out, "Want to practice together? Again?"

We practiced until we both felt more confident. But it wasn't just the two of us. All these girls were entirely willing to share their knowledge with everyone, helping each other to grow.

That afternoon, I watched a senior fencer execute a flawless attack admiringly. Something inside me suddenly bloomed. I realized later that it was love for both fencing and the fencing team.

During the city championship, I was selected to fence. My opponent was the best fencer on her school's team. "Ready, fence." The match began. Suddenly, my opponent's blade hit me. The score was 1-0.

At the moment I could hear my teammates shouting, "Keep distance!" And the team captain's voice was clear and commanding, "Parry, then disengage!"

Fencing, unlike academics, wasn't something I could succeed in by myself—even during an individual match, my teammates were still giving me advice. Unathletic as I was, I was proud to be an athlete and a teammate.

I saw my blade tip bury itself into my opponent's shoulder and the judge signaling that it was my point. I could taste the sweat on my lips, which were breaking out into a smile.

Imagine that you are a superhero. Your superpowers are activated by a special suit. The suit communicates with your brain. It allows you to do amazing things with only a thought. By concentrating on strength, for example, you can kick a soccer ball across a field. By focusing on swift actions, you can jump to the top of a tree.

Such a connection between mind and machine may sound like a fantasy. To scientists, though, it is a very real goal. They are creating machines that let disabled monkeys walk. These machines may soon help disabled humans do the same. Unlike other bionic devices, these robotic "super suits" do not communicate with muscles and nerves. Instead, they have a direct line to the brain.

In 2005, doctors drilled a hole in the skull of Hutchinson, who had lost her right arm in an accident. Then they inserted a sensor onto her motor cortex (大脑皮层运动区). Wires connected the sensor to a receiver on her head. After she recovered, researchers plugged Hutchinson's receiver into a cable that relayed signals from her brain to computers. Then they connected a robotic arm to the computers. The computers could interpret Hutchinson's brain signals to move the arm.

Soon, Hutchinson, the computer, and the robotic arm became a team. Hutchinson was even able to lift her hand and drink from a cup. "She smiled when she put down that drink—that's everything." says Donoghue, a brain scientist.

Today other scientists are building on that success. One of those scientists is Dr. Miguel Nicolelis, who designed a whole-body bionic equipment. In 2014, a disabled former athlete kicked the first ball of the World Cup Games wearing one of Miguel's full-body exoskeletons.

The exoskeleton was connected to brain signal sensors in the man's cap. By thinking about kicking, he sent signals to a computer on his back. The computer then translated the signal into an exoskeleton-aided kick. Such designs may become common as scientists keep merging mind and machine.

Have you ever done something for someone else—knowing that your actions would solely benefit THEM and not YOU? Maybe you opened a door or donated blood or volunteered in a hospital's ER during the pandemic. This is called a prosocial behavior. Humans engage in these types of behaviors all the time.

But a question remains in science: Are we the only species who do this? As one of out closest relatives, chimpanzees have long been studied for signs of this. So far, research has provided mixed results on the question.

Some studies show that chimps cooperatively hunt, share food and comfort each other. But one study came to a very different conclusion. The study used a controlled lab experiment where chimpanzees in enclosures were given two options: push a button to give food to themselves or push the button to give food to themselves AND a partner chimp. If they chose the latter, it was seen as a prosocial behavior. But the result is that chimps showed no special preferences for feeding themselves and a friend over feeding just themselves. Another study conducted by DeTroy, however, discovered a totally different result.

Compared to previous controlled lab-based experiments, the setup for DeTroy's research was very naturalistic. "We installed a button and a fountain into the chimpanzees' outer enclosures. When an individual pushes the button, it releases juice from the fountain. However, since the button and fountain are approximately five meters apart, the individual pushing cannot directly drink from the fountain. And if any other chimpanzees are at the fountain when the button is pushed, they, and not the pusher, will be able to drink the juice.

In this experiment, chimpanzees showed a willingness to act in the interest of others, with individual chimpanzees prepared to push the button without benefiting themselves.

"It is really fascinating to see that many of the chimpanzees were willing to prosocially provide valuable resources to the group members even if they couldn't benefit themselves from their behavior." said DeTroy.

Further research may reveal what lies behind their prosocial motivation. But for now, it's safe to assume that chimpanzees are not simply aping human behavior.

Let a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic. To enter and enjoy this new world, we need to love and explain literature. Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments. In a word, we wish to enjoy and understand literature. .

The first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty. In fact, we are surrounded with truth and beauty. . Men pass a field and see only dead grass; but a poet stops and looks deeper, saying, "Yesterday's flowers am I." One who reads it can see the beauty that was hidden from his eyes.

The second quality is its appeal to our feelings and imagination. . When Christopher asks in the presence of Helen, "Was this the face that launched a thousand ships?" he opens a door through which our imagination enters a new world, a world of love and heroism.

The third quality is its permanence. To achieve this, it should contain two elements: universal humanity and personal style. . It also takes on a personal style—no writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and experiences.

. It is also the written record of man's thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul.

A. The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.

B. Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says.

C. Therefore, what amaze us about literature is its essential qualities.

D. In summary, literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty.

E. Good literature reflects basic human nature—love and hate, joy and sadness.

F. Literature will provide us with a vivid picture of what will happen in future life.

G. But some remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention.

Teens in the United States like teens in many countries have more leisure time today than ever before. But over a number of decades, there have been some 1 in how teenagers spend their time after school.

2 school clubs remains a common after-school activity. According to a study, the three most popular are sports clubs, performing arts clubs, and academic clubs—the same as 20 years age. While overall participation in these clubs has gradually 3 over the last two decades, this does not mean that students are less active.

Teens today are more likely to4or work with community groups. High school seniors are thinking about 5. They know that academic grades, school activities, and community 6 are all important in making a 7application for college.

While the kinds of activities that students take part in at school have not changed greatly, high school teens now spend their leisure time out of school in very 8 ways. For example, teens today are less likely to visit a friend 9 than 20 years ago. And perhaps 10, they are far less likely to read a print newspaper or magazine.

One reason is 11 to the Internet, and it has 12 become their main channel for 13 and getting information. Calling and texting are the most popular means of communication among teens. Teens also 14 friends through social media. A study in 2018 showed that 45% teens are online almost constantly and 97% use a social media platform. This trend is likely to 15.

The First time someone thought of an idea similar to a parachute (降落伞) was in 1514. It was Leonardo da Vinci sketched its design in his notebook. Many years later, another man by the name of Fausto Veranzio published his own design, which was strikingly similar to of Da Vinci. Veranzio went on (explain) exactly how this device would work when jumping from a high place. However, the first man to successfully try the parachute (say) to be a Frenchman named J.P. Blanchard. He dropped a little dog sitting in a basket all by (it) from a hot air balloon in flight and watched it land on the ground (save). He even claimed that he used the parachute himself in 1793. was unlucky was that he broke his leg when he touched the ground.

The first man to use the parachute regularly was Frenchman named Andre-Jacques Garnerin. According to a recorded documentation, he went parachuting the first time in 1797, when he jumped off a (high) of 600 meters but landed securely.