题目

Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be dirtier thantheir gasoline-powered cousins.People in California love to talk about “zero-emissions vehicles”, but people inCalifornia seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from. Power plants mostly use fireto make it. Aside from the new folks who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get ourelectricity from generators (发电机). Generators are fueled by something—usually coal, oil,but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants. There are a few wind farms andgeothermal (地热)plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.In other words, those “zero-emissions” cars are likely coal-burning cars. It’s justbecause the coal is burned somewhere else, it looks clean. It is not. It’s as if the CaliforniaGreens are covering their eyes—“ If I can’t see it, it’s not happening.” Gasoline is anincredibly efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it. But whenyou take that gas (or another fuel) and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice partof that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heat—at the generator, through the transmissionlines, etc.A gallon of gas may propel your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallonof gas won’t get you as far — so electric cars burn more fuel than gasoline-poweredones. If our electricity came mostly from nukes or geothermal, or hydro or wind or solar, thenan electric car truly would be clean. But for political, technical, and economic reasons, wedon’t use much of those energy sources.In addition, electric cars’ batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventuallyend up in a landfill. And finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread acrossall the roads. When it’s a power plant, though, all the junk is in one place. Nature is verygood at cleaning up when things are too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all thegarbage is in one spot.【1】What is the main idea of the text?A. Electric cars are far from being clean.B. Electric cars are better than gasoline-powered ones.C. People cast doubts on electric cars’ batteries.D. Gasoline is an efficient way to power a vehicle.【2】The electricity we get from a gallon of gas may make our car run.A. no less than 25 miles B. as far as 50 milesC. less than 25 miles D. as far as 25 miles【3】According to the text, electric cars.A. are more environmentally friendlyB. burn more fuel than gas-powered onesC. are very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentratedD. are poisonous for a long time and will eventually end up in a landfill【4】It can be inferred from the text that.A. being green is good and should be encouraged in communicationB. electric cars are the dominant vehicles compared with their gas-poweredcousinsC. zero-emissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environmentD. electric cars are not clean because we get electricity mainly by burning something 答案：【答案】【1】A【2】C【3】B【4】D【解析】这是一篇说明文。电动车真的没有污染吗？通过文章的描述我们可以知道实际上并不是这样的，电动车比现在的汽车可能会导致更多的污染，因为它所使用的电，仍然是需要靠燃烧煤炭的资源来实现的。【1】主旨大意题。根据文章第一句Electric cars are dirty．In fact，not only are they dirty，they might even be more dirty than their gasoline-powered cousins．说明电动车一点也不环保。故A正确。【2】细节理解题。根据第四段1，2行A gallon of gas may drive your car 25 miles．But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far．一加仑汽油可能使你的汽车行驶25英里．但是你从那加仑汽油中得到的电力不会让你的车行那么远。故选C。【3】推理判断题。根据文章A gallon of gas may propel your car 25 miles． But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far- so electric cars bum more fuel than gasoline-powered ones，可知电动汽车燃烧的燃料比汽油燃料多，故选B。【4】推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容可知电动车所需要的电能，是需要通过燃烧煤炭等自然资源的，所以电动车并不如人们所认为的那样清洁无污染。故D正确。

查看本题答案和解析