题目

阅读下面材料，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Every minute, people around the world purchase 1 million plastic bottles,【1】adds up to roughly 526 billion bottles every year. Much of the plastic【2】(end) up in landfills (填埋场), rivers or oceans, often with destructive effects on wildlife. Many people are now trying to cut down on plastic use, while also turning the single-use plastic into something【3】(use) — like auto parts.Recycles plastic is ideal for automotive parts due to its light【4】(weigh) that offers additional benefits such as【5】(improve) a vehicle’s aerodynamics (空气动力) and reducing cabin noise.The use of plastic in vehicle parts has grown a lot since the last decade, especially in underbody shields (车底护板).【6】is assumed that around 1.2 billion recycled plastic bottles are used every year — that’s about 250 bottles per vehicle【7】average.How exactly does your plastic water bottle turn into an aerodynamic auto part? After you put the bottle into the recycling bin, it’s【8】(eventual) combined with thousands of others and cut into tiny pieces. Then, these pieces【9】(sell) to a supplier, who turns them into a fiber by melting them. This fibers mixed with other elements (元素) in a special process, and then were used 【10】(create) a sheet of material that can be formed into vehicle parts. 答案：【答案】【1】which【2】ends【3】useful【4】weight【5】improving【6】It【7】on【8】eventually【9】are sold【10】to create【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今巨大的塑料使用问题，大部分塑料最终被填埋在垃圾填埋场、河流或海洋中，通常会对野生动物造成破坏性影响。以及再生塑料可以用来做汽车零部件，并说明了原理。【1】考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句，修饰上文整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。【2】考查主谓一致。句意：大部分塑料最终被填埋在垃圾填埋场、河流或海洋中，通常会对野生动物造成破坏性影响。此处描述客观事实用一般现在时，且主语为Much of the plastic，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填ends。【3】考查形容词。修饰前文不定代词something做后置定语应用形容词useful，表示“有用的”。故填useful。【4】考查名词。句意：再生塑料是汽车零部件的理想材料，因为它的重量轻，提供了额外的好处，如改善车辆的空气动力学和减少机舱噪音。根据上文light为形容词修饰名词，可知应填名词weight。故填weight。【5】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知improve在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且as为介词后跟动名词做宾语。故填improving。【6】考查it用法。此处为固定句型it is assumed that…表示“据推测……”，it在句中作形式主语。句首字母要大写。故填It。【7】考查介词。根据短语on average表示“平均”。故填on。【8】考查副词。修饰动词combine应用副词eventually，表示“最终”。故填eventually。【9】考查动词时态及语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据后文who turns them into a fiber by melting them可知为一般现在时，主语为pieces，谓语动词用复数。故填are sold。【10】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种纤维与其他元素在一个特殊的过程中混合，然后被用来制造一种形成汽车部件的材料。根据短语be used to do sth.表示“被用来做……”，后跟不定式。故填to create。It作形式主语常见句型动词不定式，动名词或主语从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语动词前，而用it作形式主语，放到句首，常见句型有：1. It + be + 形容词+主语从句。2. It + be + 名词词组 + 主语从句，这类名词有：a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour，a question等。3. It + be + 过去分词 + 主语从句，这类过去分词有：announced, believed, expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, shown, recommended 等。4. It + 不及物动词（seem, appear, happen等）+ 主语从句, 这类不及物动词有：appear, happen, seem等。5. It + be + 形容词 + for sb.+ 动词不定式。这类句型常用形容词easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise等作表语，有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者，常在不定式前加for sb，这类形容词有：easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, wise。6. It + be + 形容词 + of sb. + 动词不定式，这类形容词常是表示心理品质,性格特征的形容词，如：kind, nice stupid, clever, foolish, polite, impolite, silly, selfish, considerate等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。7. It + be +名词词组 + 动词不定式。8. It + be + 名词或形容词 + 动名词，这类名词和形容词常常是：good, no good, no use, a waste of, useless, senseless等。9. It + take (sb.)+ 时间（金钱）+ 动词不定式。如第6小题，此处为固定句型it is assumed that…表示“据推测……”，it在句中作形式主语。句首字母要大写。故填It。

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