题目

A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common.After all,the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world,and the baby is,well, just playing…right?Perhaps,but some developmental psychologists have argued that this “play” is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, itfalls in the ground---and, in the process, it belongs out important evidence about how physical objects interact ; bowls of rice do not flood in mid-sit, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing the basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about the natural world ), overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected?).Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way---that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has. for example, unlike the child , Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws on how children learn ,but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort ---the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world---is simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive systems that make young children feel good about feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it, ”It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”【1】According to some developmental psychologists,A. a baby’s play is nothing more than a game.B. scientific research into babies; games is possibleC. the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigatedD. a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment【2】We learn from Paragraph 2 thatA. scientists and babies seem to observe the world differentlyB. scientists and babies often interact with each otherC. babies are born with the knowledge of object supportD. babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do【3】Children may learn the rules of language byA. exploring the physical worldB. investigating human psychologyC. repeating their own experimentsD. observing their parents’ behaviors【4】What is themain idea of the last paragraph?A. The world may be more clearly explained through children’s play.B. Studying babies’ play may lead to a better understanding of science.C. Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.D. One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.【5】What is the author’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’ research and babies’ play?A. Convincing. B. Confused.C. Confidence. D. Cautious. 答案：【答案】【1】D【2】D【3】C【4】B【5】D【解析】试题【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了孩子的玩耍和科学家的研究有共同之处。阅读理解有时理解文章中的长难句是关键，理解不了这些句子就很难理解文章的大意。下面我们分析一下这篇文章中的长句。句子1：It is likely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it.这句话使用分号连接两个并列分句，前面的分句使用It is likely that…这个句型，现在分词短语knowing…作伴随状语；后面的分句是“nor+倒装句”结构。句意：可能婴儿不是一生下来就知道宇宙的这一基本事实，他们也没有被清楚地教过。句子2：For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for example, unlike the child, Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.这句话使用了强调句，强调的是through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory，这部分比较长，考生可能没有注意到这个句式。主干部分中idea后面是同位语从句，from后面的what he or she has是宾语从句。句意：例如，可能只是通过反复实验，收集证据，并最终推翻一个理论，一个婴儿就会接受其他人可以和他/她持有不同的意见和愿望这一观点。例如，和孩子不同，妈妈实际上并不喜欢德芙巧克力。

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