一朝上岛，一生卫国。32年来,王继才用自己的守岛行动来证实当初的承诺，来表达自己对家庭与国家的情怀。他身上体现了新时期视岗位如生命的责任意识、舍小家为大家的奉献精神、知艰险不畏险的使命意识、为国家敢于牺牲的担当气概。王继才的英雄事迹给我们的人生启示是
①自觉站在广大人民群众的立场上
②社会提供的客观条件是实现人生价值的前提
③实现人生价值需要正确价值观的指引
④重视发挥主观能动性，个人就能实现人生价值
A.①② B.②④ C.①③ D.③④

(10 分)薇甘菊繁殖能力极强，是植物界“臭名昭著”的生物多样性杀手，也是中国首批外来人侵物种。薇甘菊善于缠绕和攀附于其他植物上，将它们覆盖，并且有较强的光合能力。

(1)在群落中，薇甘菊与被缠绕的植物之间形成____________关系;它与被缠绕植物在争夺____________(填一种影响光合作用的环境因素)时优势最明显。

(2)薇甘菊被称为“一分钟一英里杂草”，人侵初期的薇甘菊呈疯狂蔓延趋势，这体现了自然选择学说中生物都有____________的倾向。但从长期看，薇甘菊人侵之后种群数量变化最终应符合____________型增长模型。

(3)人们常采用除草剂森草净(70%嘧磺隆可溶性粉剂)对薇甘菊进行化学防治，请从环保和生物进化两个角度分析该防治措施的不足________________________。

(4)植物之间的化感作用是指供体植物通过茎叶挥发、淋溶、凋落物分解、根系分泌等途径向环境中释放化学物质，从而促进或抑制周围植物的生长和发育。有人推测薇甘菊就是通过化感作用影响其周围植物的种子萌发等生理过程，进而影响整个生态系统的种群分布格局和生物多样性。薏苡是薇甘菊群落中常见的草本植物，若以薇甘菊叶片浸出液、薏苡种子为实验材料设计实验验证上述推测，请简要写出实验思路:______________________________________________。

白居易诗：“机梭声札札，牛驴走纭纭。……有财不行商，有丁不入军。家家守村业，头白不出门。”诗中的描述反映了①男耕女织的自然经济②重视农业的观念③家庭手工业的发展促进了商品经济④安土重迁的思想

A．①②③          B．①②④         C．①③④          D．②③④

顾炎武在《天下郡国利病书》中指出：“海滨民众，生理无路，兼以饥馑荐臻(荐臻：接连到来)，穷民往往入海从盗，啸集亡命”。导致这一现象的直接原因是

A．“海禁”政策的实施           B．社会矛盾尖锐

C．倭寇为患                          D．土地兼并严重

2011年，我国开工建设保障性住房、棚户区改造住房共1000万套，未来五年我国将建设城镇保障性安居工程3600万套。此举将有利于                                                  （    ）

①增加供给，平抑房价                                   ②改善心理预期，引导公众消费     

③促进房地产业健康发展                               ④发挥市场在资源配置中的基础作用

A．①②③              B．①②④                 C．①③④                D．②③④

阅读下面一篇文言文，完成文后各题。

蔡孝子传

[宋] 范浚

蔡定，字元应，越之会稽人。家世微贫，父革，依郡狱吏佣书以生，力使定学，身劳苦资之，以故定处黌校①，稍稍有称。

郡狱吏一日坐舞文法被系，革以诖误，例在劾中。革年七十余矣，法当免系，鞫胥任泽削其籍年而入之罪，罪且与狱吏等。案具，府奏上之，方待命于朝，故俱久囚，而革不得独决。定窃痛念父当耆年，以非辜圄狴，誓将身赎。数诣府号诉，请代坐狱，弗许；请効命于戎行，弗许；请隶伍符为兵人，弗许。定知父终不可赎也，仰而呼曰：“天乎！将使定坐视父缠徽纆②乎？父耄耋，不应连系；佣书罪，不应与狱吏等。理明矣，而无所云诉。父老而刑，定之生其何益乎？定图死矣，庶有司哀怜，幸而释父，则虽委身重泉，于登天为不殊。”于是预自志铭其墓，又为状若诣府者，结置袂间，皆叙陈致死之由，冀其父之必免也。以建炎元年十二月二十九日，自没河死。府帅闻之，惊曰：“真孝子也。”立命出革，厚为定具棺敛事，而抚周其家。

兰溪范浚曰：呜呼大孝！吾不得而见也，孝若定者，亦今世之所鲜闻也。世之人视亲，若视其妻子之心切焉者，无也。彼惟庸爱在妻子，而斯须之爱在亲。亲有劳苦，不宵一勤其手足代之，其肯杀身以出父于囚牢中乎？今之为人子者，有觞酒豆肉，持羞其亲，则已色然自得，谓为难能之孝，况若定之捐躯活父，其为孝又可究乎？予得定所为志铭与状，感其言情哀至，至为泣下。念定孝若是，是宜见旌于时，而事不上闻，定将无以自见，故为定作传。冀他日万一获私於良史，氏云。

[注]①黌校：学校。②木工所用的绳墨。

12．对下列句子中加点词的解释，不正确的一项是（    ）

A．身劳苦资之                          资：资助，给予

B．案具，府奏上之                      案：案件

    C．庶有司哀怜，幸而释父                庶：希望

    D．厚为定具棺敛事，而抚周其家          周：接济，周济

13．下列各句中，加点词意义和用法都相同的一项是（    ）

A．罪且与狱吏等                       臣死且不避，卮酒安足辞

B．定知父终不可赎也，仰而呼曰         客喜而笑，洗盏更酌

C．冀其父之必免也                     举世非之而不加沮

D．况若定之捐躯活父                   若使烛之武见秦君，师必退

14．把第Ⅰ卷文言文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（8分）

（1）理明矣，而无所云诉。父老而刑，定之生其何益乎？（3分）

（2）念定孝若是，是宜见旌于时，而事不上闻，定将无以自见，故为定作传。（5分）

15．第Ⅰ卷文言文中，蔡定为了使其父亲免罪，做了哪些事情？ 请简要概括。（5分）

.函数的图象向左平移（）个单位后关于对称，且两相邻对称中心相距，则函数在上的最小值是（   ）

A．                 B．           C．            D．

20．在下面一段文字横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意完整连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密。每处不超过15个字。 

二维码已经很常见，扫码给人们的工作生活带来了很多方便的同时，   ①     ，二雏码提供者可能会借此收集您的个人信息从事不法活动，比如把信息卖给不法分子进行电信诈骗。另一个更大的风险则是，如果该二雏码本身就是一个木马病毒，只要扫了，   ②   ，包括手机银行、支付宝等账户信息，有了这些信息，您的资金就有可能在不知不觉中被转走。因此，来历不明的二维码会潜藏很大的风险，   ③     。

（17分）阅读材料，回答问题：

材料一  自1843年至1860年，传教士在广州共出版中文书籍、刊物42种，其中29种为宗教宣传品，占总数的69%。另外，13种为天文地理、历史、医学等科学读物，占总数的30%。设在十三行的博济医院，即新豆栏医局，门庭若市，成为传教士扩大西方文化影响的重要场所。1848年，英国伦敦会传教士合信（Benjamin Hobson）来到这里，在金利埠创办惠爱医院，一批先前已经入教、粗通医学的人，如梁发、梁柱臣、卢挺善、周勤堂等人供职其中。同年，来自美国的传教士也办起学校和医所。1850年，美国长老会传教士哈巴安德（Andrew Patton Happer）在广州开办男子日校，三年后又开女子日校、寄宿学墅各一所。这是广州新式教育之始。

材料二  早在19世纪末，随着西方商品对民众生活模式的冲击，趋洋附西的倾向就在时势的流变中推动着生活习俗的演变。“凡物之极贵重者，皆谓之洋。高楼曰洋楼，彩轿曰洋轿。挂灯名洋灯，火锅名洋锅。……大江南北，莫不以洋为尚……”

材料三  中华民国成立之后，民主共和已成为主要潮流，各派力量纷纷建立政党，以争取议会中的席位。不仅同盟会改组为国民党，一些原属同盟会的成员也另组新党，而且立宪派甚至袁世凯的走卒也开始组党。据统计，从武昌起义至1913年底，新成立的团体约682个，其中，政党类型的团体312个，京、沪两地占了一半以上。这些政党，有的无一定章程，也无固定组织，仅发一声明就渺无声息；有的党又为壮大声势而到处拉人，赠送党证。有些人今天此党明天彼党，飘忽不定；有些人为捞取实利，又身跨数党。各派政治力量都在共和的幌子下捞取政治资本。

材料四    1912--1913年参加国会大选的主要政党

（1）依据材料一，概括鸦片战争后西学在中国传播有哪些主要途径? (4分)

（2）概括材料二所反映的社会现象。结合所学知识概括出现这种历史现象的主要原因。(5分)

（3）依据材料三和材料四，指出民国初年中国出现了怎样的政治局面? 各党派在议会中所占席位对比说明了什么？（4分）

(4) 综合以上材料和所学知识概括19世纪后半期到20世纪初中国社会的发展趋势。(4分)

A、B两列简谐横波均沿x轴正向传播，在某时刻的波形分别如图中甲、乙所示，经过时间t（t小于A波的周期T_A），这两列简谐横波的波形分别变为图中丙、丁所示，则A、B两列波的波速v_A、v_B之比可能是         (填正确的答案标号.选对1个得3分,选对2个得4分,选对3个得6分.每错一个扣3分,最低得0分)  

     A．1:1          B．2:1        C．1:2          D．3:1       E．1:3

下列有关生命的物质基础和结构基础的阐述，不正确的是(　　)

A．C、H、O、N、P是ATP、染色质、核苷酸共有的化学元素

B．线粒体、核糖体、染色体、叶绿体等结构中都含有DNA

C．糖蛋白、抗体、受体、限制性核酸内切酶都是具有识别作用的物质

D．脂质中的磷脂是构成细胞膜的重要物质，所有细胞都含有磷脂

       The advantages of using flashcards to build up a vocabulary are well known. You can buy sets of cards, or make your own, and carry them with you wherever you go. There’s no question this is useful and because you can use them in short bursts, it’s not too much for you. It can be fun. I don’t recommend drilling for hours at a time with flashcards.

       If you want to use flashcard software, things get even better. There are many packages out there for maintaining and drilling flashcards. I recommend VTrain though there are many others.

       One stands out, however: SuperMemo. Similar to Pimsleur, SuperMemo is engineered according to a carefully researched methodology (方法学) in order to test you on a card the very minimum number of times you need to see it for it to stick. When you look at a card, you give some feedback to the software on whether you got it right and how easy you found it. It uses this information, and that of your previous attempts, to decide when you will be shown the card next. It’s smart and it really works.

       If you’re like me, the news is even better! I have a version of SuperMemo that runs on my PalmOS phone. Wherever I am, if I have my phone handy, I have thousands of flashcards with me too. Honestly, it would be worth purchasing a cheap Palm device only for this. You can pick one up for $20 or even less on eBay or elsewhere. Consider it, at least.

29. With SuperMemo, whether the next card will be shown depends on ________.

       A. the time you look at the card

       B. the information in the computer

       C. the feedback one gives to the software

       D. the times one attempts to do with a card

30. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

       A. Using cards to study can be very tiring.

       B. Don’t need to study with flashcards too long at a time.

       C. There is not enough flashcards software at present.

       D. Flashcard software can be carried wherever you go.

31. What is the main purpose of the author in writing the passage?

       A. To introduce to us a way to build up a vocabulary.

       B. To teach us how to make flashcards.

       C. To suggest us buying flashcards.

       D. To tell us how to use flashcard software.

某村农民甲承包本村土地20亩，其中10亩自己种植经济作物，年收入15000元，其余10亩转包给邻村农民乙，每年农民乙给农民甲5000元。农民甲的收入属于

A．按劳分配                    B．按土地要素分配    

C．按劳分配和按土地要素分配    D．都是按生产要素分配

Many Americans are turning to Japan, they think, a country of high academic(学术的) achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one survey, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents(答问卷者)listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as determination, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group. The huge majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.

Like in America, there is diversity(多样性) in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential(潜力的) development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.

32. We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe ________.

A.        Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction

B.        Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents

C.        Japan’s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements

D.       Japan’s higher education is superior to theirs

33. In Japan’s preschool education, the focus is on ________.

A.      preparing children academically

B.      shaping children’s character

C.      teaching children mathematics

D.  developing children’s artistic interests

34. Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?

A.  They can do better in their future studies.

B.  They can make more group experience grow there.

C.  They can be individually oriented when they grow up.

D.     They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.

35. Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to ________.

A.  broaden children’s knowledge

B.      train children’s creativity

C.      lighten children’s study load

D.     enrich children’s experience

γ-氨基丁酸和某种局部麻醉药在神经兴奋传递过程中的作用机理如下图所示。此种局麻药单独使用时不能通过细胞膜，如与辣椒素同时注射才会发生如图所示效果。下列分析不正确的是

A.局麻药作用于突触后膜的Na⁺通道，阻碍Na⁺内流，抑制突触后膜产生兴奋

B.γ-氨基丁酸与突触后膜的受体结合，促进Cl^-内流，抑制突触后膜产生兴奋

C.局麻药和γ-氨基丁酸的作用效果和作用机理一致，都属于抑制性神经递质

D.神经细胞兴奋时，膜外由正电位变为负电位，膜内由负电位变为正电位

资本主义经济结构在 19世纪中期、 19世纪末 20世纪初和二战以后，经历了三次大调整。这三次调整的共同影响是（   ）

 A ．引发了工业革命的兴起            B．促进了资本主义制度的自我完善

 C ．引起了民族解放运动高涨          D．加速了世界大战的爆发

下列叙述正确的是（　　）                                       

A．氨水使酚酞溶液变红的原因：NH₃H₂O═NH₄⁺+OH^﹣                        

B．硫酸氢钠溶液显酸性：NaHSO₄⇌Na⁺+H⁺+SO₄^2﹣                       

C．明矾净水原理：Al ³⁺+3 H₂O⇌Al（OH）₃↓+3 H⁺                        

D．制备TiO₂纳米粉：TiCl₄+（x+2）H₂O（过量）⇌TiO₂xH₂O↓+4 HCl        

Nowadays,more and people have chances to travel,study,work or even live abroad.It is necessary for you to keep in mind these general 61 (rule) for polite behavior.

If you 62 (invite) to an American friend’s home for dinner,first of all,arrive approximately on time (but not early).Americans expect promptness (准时).

When you’re invited to someone’s home for a meal,63 is polite to bring a small gift.Flowers or candies are always appropriate.If you have an attractive item 64 (make) in your native country,your host or hostess would certainly enjoy receiving that as a gift.

Wearing proper clothes and a beautiful smile is simply not enough.Table manners are also of great 65 (important).Do not open your mouth to talk,66 you have swallowed your food.Also,chew food with your mouth     67 (close).When you want to get the food that is at a distance,do not stretch your hands to reach 68 it.Instead,ask for the food to be passed to you.

Don’t leave 69 (immediate) after dinner,but don’t overstay your welcome,either.When your friends seem to be getting tired and running out of conversation,take their behavior as a signal to leave.The next day,call or write 70  thank-you note to say how much you enjoyed the evening.

下列说法正确的是       。（填正确答案标号。选对1个得2分，选对2个得4分，选对3个得5分，每选错1个扣3分，最低得分为0分）

A．方程式是重核裂变反应方程

B．光电效应和康普顿效应都说明光具有粒子性

C．β衰变所释放的电子是原子核内的中子转化成质子时所产生的

D．德布罗意首先提出了物质波的猜想，而电子衍射实验证实了他的猜想

E．在光电效应实验中，某金属的截止频率对应的波长为λ0，若用波长为λ（λ>λ0）的单色光做该实验，会产生光电效应