读图5，回答11-12题。

11．下列说法正确的是　　

A．b点在c点的西南方　　　 

B．b点在c点的东南方

C．c点在b点的正北方       

D．c点在b点的东北方

12．从a地乘飞机直飞c地，航程最短的一条航线是　　

A．向北飞越大西洋和北冰洋的航线  B．一直向东飞的航线

C．先向西北，再向西南飞的航线    D．一直向西飞的航线

平抛运动可以分解为水平和竖直方向的两个直线运动，在同一坐标系中作出这两个分运动的v-t图线，如图所示。下列说法正确的是

A.图线a表示竖直方向的运动

B.图线b的斜率的大小等于重力加速度g

C.0~t₁时间内水平位移与竖直位移位移大小相等

D.在t₁时刻两个分运动的速度大小相等

Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk. I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I’ve ever had. Be bold and brave---and mighty(强大的) forces will come to your aid.

Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short（未达到） in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into (跳入)deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.

Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas — even physical strength greater than most of us realize.

Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones. But they are more important than physical ones. A college classmate of mine, Tim, was an excellent football player, even though he weighed much less than the average player. “In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player, who had nothing but me between him and our goal line,” said Tim. “I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet(子弹) — and stopped him cold.(毫无准备地)”

Boldness — a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme—is not one that can be acquired overnight. But it can be taught to children and developed in adults. Confidence builds up. Surely, there will be setbacks (挫折) and disappointments in life; boldness in itself is no guarantee of success. But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off (富有)than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.

So, always try to live a little bit beyond your abilities—and you’ll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.

56. Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past

A. He faced huge risks.

B. He lacked mighty forces.

C. Fear prevented him from trying.

D. Failure blocked his way to success.

57. What is the implied meaning of the underlined part

A. Swallow more than you can digest.

B. Act slightly above your abilities.

C. Develop more mysterious powers.

D. Learn to make creative decisions.

58. What was especially important for Tim’s successful defense in the football game?

A. His physical strength.     B. His basic skill.

C. His real fear.             D. His spiritual force.

59. What can be learned from Paragraph 5?

A. Confidence grows more rapidly in adults.

B. Trying without success is meaningless.

C. Repeated failure creates a better life.

D. Boldness can be gained little by little.

60. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage

A. To encourage people to be courageous.

B. To advise people to build up physical power.

C. To tell people the ways to guarantee success.

D. To recommend people to develop more abilities.

    Some people make you feel comfortable when they are around. You spend an hour with them and feel as if you have known them half your life.    46   .

Here are several skills that good talkers have. If you follow the skills, they’ll help you put people at their ease, and make friends with them quickly.

First of all, good talkers ask questions.    47  . One well-known businesswoman says, “At business lunches, I always ask people what they did that morning. It’s a common question，but it will get things going.” From there you can move on to other matters—sometimes to really personal questions.    48   . Second, once good talkers have asked questions, they listen to the answers .This point seems clear, but it isn’t. Your questions should have a point and help to tell what sort of person you are talking to. And to find out, you really have to listen carefully and attentively.

   49  . If someone sticks to one topic, you can take it as a fact that he’s really interested in it. Real listening also means not just listening to words, but to tones of voice. If the voice sounds dull, then, it’s time for you to change the subject.

Finally, good talkers know well how to deal with the occasion of parting. If you’re saying goodbye, you may give him a firm handshake and say, “I’ve really enjoyed meeting you.”    50   . Let people know what you feel, and they may walk away feeling as if they’ve known you half their life.

A. Real listening at least means some things.

B. You can become a popular person.

C. Almost anyone, no matter how shy he is, will answer a question.

D. And how he answers will let you know how far you can go.

E. If you want to see that person again, don’t keep it a secret.

F. It’s polite to listen to others with a smile.

G. These people have something in common.

61. I often see the film star on TV, but never see him ________  __________  __________ (本人)

62. Snow ________  _________(已融化), the whole village is brimful of happy children.

63. _________   _________  ________ _________(用完) all his savings. He had to apply for a job.

64. The reason ______  _______  _________  ________(迟到)was ________ he missed the first bus.

65. If you ________   _________ your currency __________(兑换成)dollars, you wouldn’t have had so much trouble.

政府实施行政管理时，要遵循公平、公正的原则。这体现了政府依法行政的具体要求中的（  ）

A.合法行政      B.合理行政      C.诚实守信      D.程序正当

   I dedicated my whole childhood to training to become a professional football player. I     36     through Olympic training in the mid 90's and on July 15, 1998, I was     37     with a minor league team, when a 16-year-old boy ran a stop sign. That night     38     my life. I was on my motorcycle and got

    39      by a car, partly disabling me six months. I lost most of my memory,

    40     coma(昏迷) symptom and had to learn to     41     all over. During the coming 24 months of physical treatment I changed my     42     of life.

I began making     43     as if each day was my last day     44    . Before the     45    , I was studying at a university. I was taught that the     46    

of life was to study career skills and pursue financial     47    . After returning from near death I went     48     searching. I traveled through the native reservation of the northern USA and witnessed the most extreme     49    . I slowly realized there was so much more to     50     than just doing things for myself. I started listening to the people I met and     51     to help them any way possible.

Everywhere I stayed I met     52     people telling me stories about

    53     the earth and making better use of nature's energy. In 2005 my father quickly died from cancer and I     54     the desire to do much of anything for myself. I started looking for well-off people to aid those    55   . I've accumulated a list of people nearing life threatening situations or those trying to make a major effect on the world and now I try to help them full time.

36. A. came                       B. fought                      C. looked                    D. won

37. A. running                    B. working                   C. competing               D. coming

38. A. changed                  B. influenced                C. destroyed                D. corrected

39. A. run                          B. hit                           C. beaten                     D. stuck

40. A. spread                     B. caught                     C. suffered                   D. showed

41. A. drive                       B. talk                         C. eat                          D. walk

42. A. duty                        B. view                        C. course                     D. dream

43. A. decisions                 B. discoveries              C. promises                 D. studies

44. A. possible                   B. likely                       C. present                    D. alive

45. A. event                       B. difficulty                  C. accident                  D. disaster

46. A. value                       B. reality                      C. length                      D. content

47. A. balance                   B. situation                   C. stability                    D. expense

48. A. head                        B. mind                        C. heart                       D. soul

49. A. anxiety                    B. poverty                   C. anger                       D. simplicity

50. A. nature                      B. society                    C. life                           D. happiness

51. A. refused                    B. tended                     C. volunteered             D. learned

52. A. cautious                   B. famous                    C. wealthy                   D. wonderful

53. A. respecting                B. developing               C. understanding          D. exploring

54. A. realized                   B. lost                          C. gained                     D. controlled

55. A. in despair                B. in season                 C. in touch                   D. in need

贴窗花,写春联,辞旧迎新;年夜饭,压岁钱,阖家团圆;发 微信,拜大年,走亲访友; 花各异,韵相同,岁岁年年。中国式过年魅力无穷,在于它 （    ）

A.涌动着人们对中华民族强烈的认同感

B.引领着现代科技发展的最新潮流

C.汇集了中华民族优秀传统文化之大全

D.展现各民族和睦相处的美好图景

基础设施的完备情况，会直接影响旅游资源的开发利用。下列选项中，属于旅游活动基础设施的有(    )

①水    ②邮政 ③电信 ④购物场所、健身设施

A．①②③     B．②③④     C．①③④     D．①②③④

结合下表数据判断，下列表述中正确的一项是（     ）

1840年前与1894年中国生丝销售量

A．生丝成为近代中国最主要的出口商品   

B．中国生丝业已经普遍使用机器生产

C．蚕丝成为外国人衣料的最主要来源    

 D．中国生丝业对世界市场的依赖逐渐增强

在如图所示的U-I图像中,直线Ⅰ为某一电源的路端电压与电流的关系图像,直线Ⅱ为某一电阻R的U-I曲线。用该电源直接与电阻R相连组成闭合电路。由图像可知(　　)

A.电源的电动势为3V,内阻为0.5Ω

B.电阻R的阻值为1Ω

C.电源的输出功率为4W

D.电源的效率为50%       

人们将苏云金杆菌中的抗虫基因导入棉花细胞中成功培育出抗虫棉。这个过程中利用的主要原理是(     )

A. 基因突变       B. 基因重组     C. 基因工程       D. 染色体变异

下列关于遗传学基本概念的理解中，正确的是（）

      A．  杂种显性个体与隐性个体杂交子代同时出现显性和隐性性状可称为性状分离

      B．  纯合子aabb（a、b位于不同染色体上）减Ⅰ后期会发生非同源染色体的自由组合

      C．  非同源染色体的自由组合时，所有的非等位基因也发生自由组合

      D．  等位基因的本质区别是控制的性状不同

 M点是位于圆形匀强磁场边界的一个粒子源，可以沿纸面向磁场内各个方向射出带电荷量为q、质量为m、速度大小相同的粒子，如图所示．已知磁场的方向垂直纸面向里、磁感应强度大小为B，所有粒子射出磁场边界的位置均处于边界的某一段圆弧上，这段圆弧的弧长是圆周长的，不计粒子的重力，则此粒子速度的大小和在磁场中运动最长的时间分别为

A. ，                         B. ，

C. ，                      D. ，

材料一  2012年，人们的心灵被这个国度发生的“最美故事”深深打动。平民英雄用自己的非凡壮举，填写了一份份沉甸甸的答卷，激发出这个时代深层而有声的精神力量。

拾起国人跌落良心的“最美婆婆”陈贤妹、徒手接坠楼女童的“最美妈妈”吴菊萍、舍身救护学生的“最美教师”张丽莉、奋不顾身跳水救人的“最美孕妇”彭伟平……这些平民英雄在面对别人的需要和危难时，无一不是挺身而出、倾力相助。

材料二  2012年1月，罗阳担任中国第一艘航母舰载机歼-15研制现场总指挥。没有经验，也没有现成的关键技术可以借鉴，航空制造大国对技术的封锁，逼着航空人只有自主创新一条路可以走。在航母上，罗阳坚持亲力亲为，与科研人员一起整理试验数据，观看每次起降过程，记录和分析飞机状态，出现身体不适，也没有中途下舰，甚至都没有去找医护人员检查。

（1）运用“实现人生价值”的有关知识，说明最美人物身上的共同点。（4分）

（2）结合材料二，运用“在砥砺自我中走向成功”的知识，回答我们怎样才能实现人生价值？（6分）

 “二战”后，出现美苏由盟友走向对抗的根源是(　　)

A、美苏意识形态和国家利益的矛盾和冲突      

B、以欧洲为中心的格局被战争打破

C、以苏联为首的社会主义阵营形成            

D、美苏政治军事力量形成抗衡

某兴趣小组设计右图微型实验装置，下列有关描述不正确的是

A．断开K₁,闭合K₂时,总反应的离子方程式为2H₂O+2Cl^－Cl₂↑+H₂↑+2OH^－

B．关闭K₂、打开K₁，一段时间后，发现右侧试管收集到的气体比左侧略多，

则a为负极，b为正极

C．关闭K₂、打开K₁，一段时间后，用拇指堵住试管移出烧杯，向试管内滴

入酚酞，发现右侧试管内溶液变红色，则为b负极， a为正极

D．关闭K₂、打开K₁，一段时间后，再关闭K₁、打开K₂，电流表指针偏转

为研究乙烯影响植物根生长的机理，研究者以拟南芥幼苗为材料进行实验。

⑴乙烯和生长素都要通过与　　　　结合，将　　　　传递给靶细胞，从而调节植物的生命活动。

⑵实验一：研究者将拟南芥幼苗放在含不同浓度的ACC（乙烯前体，分解后产生乙烯）、IAA（生长素）的培养液中培养，　　　　幼苗根伸长区细胞长度，结果如下表。

实验结果说明乙烯和生长素都能够　　　　根生长，与单独处理相比较，两者共同作用时________________。

⑶实验二：将拟南芥幼苗分别放在含有不同浓度ACC的培养液中培养，12 h后测定幼苗根中生长素的含量，实验结果如图所示。据图分析，乙烯通过促进　　　　来影响根生长。

⑷研究者将幼苗放在含NPA（生长素极性运输阻断剂）的培养液中培养，一段时间后，比较实验组和对照组幼苗根伸长区细胞长度，结果无显著差异。由此分析，研究者的目的是探究乙烯是否通过影响　　　　来影响根生长。

⑸综合上述各实验的结果可推测，乙烯影响根生长的作用最可能是通过促进生长素的

　　　　实现的。

36. 军权与相权的关系贯穿整个中国古代政治制度的发展历程。阅读下列材料：

材料一  丞相者，朕之肱骨，所与共承庙宇，统理海内，辅朕之不逮，以治天下也。

——班固《汉书》

材料二  唐初每事先经由中书省，中书作定将上，得者再下中书，中书付门下，或有未当，则门下缴驳，又上中书，中书又将上，得者再下中书，中书又下门下，若事可行，门下即下尚书省。尚书省“奉行”而已。

——《朱子语类》

材料三 （朱）开宝五年，太祖诏……宰相、枢密使候（等待）对殿庐，次年六月，又命参知政事升都堂与宰相同议政事,轮流知印押班奏事,以分其权。

——据李焘《续资治通鉴长编》 

材料四 今我朝罢丞相，设五府（五军都督府）、六部、都察院、通政司、大理寺等衙门，分理天下庶务，彼此颉颃，不敢相压，事皆朝廷总之，所以稳当，以后子孙做皇帝时，并不许立丞相，臣下敢有奏请设立者，文武群臣即时劾奏，将犯人凌迟，全家处死。 

——《皇明祖训·祖训首章》 

请回答： 

（1）我国丞相制度设立于哪一朝代？结合所学知识，指出丞相的主要职能。（2分）     

（2）据材料二，指出唐朝中央制度的名称和主要作用。（2分）

（3）据材料三，指出宋朝分割相权的举措。（2分）

 （4）结合材料四，之处罢相的根本原因，据上述材料，概括我们古代政治制度变革的主要趋势。（4分）

氢气和二氧化碳的混合气体通过足量过氧化钠后，再将所得气体点燃，恰好完全反应，则原气体中氢气与二氧化碳的体积比为(　　)

A．2∶1             B．1∶4            C．1∶1           D．1∶2