文言文阅读
(甲)
大道之行也,天下为公。选贤与能,讲信修睦。故人不独亲其亲,不独子其子,使老有所终,壮有所用,幼有所长,矜、寡、孤、独、废疾者皆有所养,男有分,女有 归 。货恶其弃于地也,不必藏于己; 力恶其不出于身也,不必为己。 是故谋闭而不兴,盗窃乱贼而不 作 ,故外户而不闭。是谓大同。
《礼记 ·大道之行也》
(乙)
士尹池 ① 为荆使于宋,司城子罕 ② 止而觞之。南家之墙拥 ③ 于前而不直,西家之潦 ④ 经其宫 ⑤ 而不止。士尹池问其故,司城子罕曰: “南家,工人也,为鞔 ⑥ 者也。吾将徙之,其父曰: ‘吾恃为鞔,已 食 三世矣。今徙,是宋邦之求鞔者,不知吾处也,吾将不食。愿相国之忧吾不食也。 ’为是故吾不徙。西家高,吾宫卑,潦 之 经吾宫也利,为是故不禁也。 ”士尹池归,荆适兴兵欲攻宋。士尹池谏于王曰:“宋不可攻也,其主贤,其相仁。贤者得民,仁者能用人。攻之无功,为天下笑。”楚释宋而攻郑。孔子闻之曰: “夫修之于庙堂之上,而折冲 ⑦ 于千里之外者,司城子罕之谓也。 ”
(《新序》)
(注释): ①士尹池:复姓士尹,名池。②司城子罕:司城,官名;子罕,宋国贤臣。③拥:遮蔽。④潦:积水。⑤宫:院子。⑥鞔( mán ):鞋子。 ⑦折冲:制敌取胜。
1 . 解释下列句中加点词。
( 1)女有 归 ( _______ )
( 2)盗窃乱贼而不 作 ( _______ )
( 3)潦 之 经吾宫也利 ( _______ )
( 4)已 食 三世矣 ( _______ )
2 . 用现代汉语翻译下列句子。
( 1)力恶其不出于身也,不必为己。
( 2)夫修之于庙堂之上,而折冲于千里之外者,司城子罕之谓也。
3 . 甲文中构想的大同社会,人人得到社会关爱,人人安居乐业,在乙文中司城子罕是如何做到这一点的?
4 . 儒家 “仁”的主张,闪烁着智慧的光辉,结合这两篇文章,请你谈谈施行仁心、仁政对百姓和国家的影响。
(2019·山东德州)概括图中主要信息。(50字以内)
Going to a friend’s house is very exciting. You may spend time with a friend and get to see where he or she lives. So remember to be polite.
The first thing to remember is that when a friend invites you over, you need to arrive on time. If your friend tells you to come “around 3:00”, that means you can arrive a little bit after 3:00. But usually it is a good idea to arrive at the right time.
Often it is also nice to bring something to your friend’s house. This could be a box of chocolates for you to share, or maybe a CD that you can enjoy together. You can also bring some flowers. A little gift is a nice way to show your friend that you are excited to be at his or her house.
When you visit your friend’s house, you may also meet his or her parents. You should tell them who you are and they may tell you their names. As a child, I went to visit my friend Paul. I called his parents by their first names John and Mary. But now I know it is more polite to call them Mr. And Mrs. Smith. This will show them more respect( 尊重 ) and then they may tell you to call them by their first names. Another way to show respect is to call them Madam or Sir. It is a cool thing to visit a friend’s house. Be polite to your friend and your friend’s parents, and you will be invited again.
1 . When should you arrive if you are invited to a friend’s house?
A . Almost on time. B . An hour earlier.
C . As late as possible. D . As early as possible.
2 . When you visit your friend’s house, you’d better NOT bring ________ as a little gift.
A . a CD B . some flowers C . some money D . a box of chocolates
3 . What should you do when you see your friend’s parents?
A . Keep quiet. B . Tell them your name first.
C . Tell them why you are there. D . Call their names directly.
4 . What kind of behavior (行为) is impolite when you visit a friend’s house?
A . To arrive on time.
B . Bring a small gift.
C . Call his or her parents’ first names directly.
D . Be polite to your friends and his or her parents.
5 . What’s the best title( 标题 ) for this passage?
A . When to Arrive B . What to Bring
C . How to Be a Polite Visitor D . How to Be a Polite Host
阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的动词,并用其适当形式填空。有的需要加助动词或不定式符号(每词限用一次)。
play smell sit accept find |
I lost my job again and felt my whole world was dark. I 1 . under an old tree in the park when a boy came up to me from nowhere. He stood right before me with his head down and said, “Look, what I 2 . !” In his hand was a flower, a dry and dead one. I gave him a small smile and turned my eyes away so that he could go off 3 . .
To my surprise, he just sat down next to me. He placed the flower to his nose and said excitedly, “It 4 . sweet and it is beautiful, too. That’s why I picked it. Here, it is for you.” I 5 . the flower impatiently and just then I noticed that the boy was blind. I held him tight in my arms. Through the eyes of a blind child I saw the beauty in life. And then I held the dry flower up to my nose and breathed in the smell of a beautiful rose.
它对中国长期的政治统一起了重要作用,它把已经分裂了四个世纪的两个各自为政的地区重新纳入到一个政体当中,南方对成为军事、政治中心的北方提供给养与支持也主要依赖它。文中的 “它”是( )
A . 都江堰 B . 灵渠 C . 大运河 D . 长城
如图甲所示,一滑块从平台上 A 点以初速度 向右滑动,从平台上滑离后。落到地面上的落地点离平台的水平距离为 s 。多次改变初速度的大小,重复前面的过程,根据测得的多组
和 s ,作出
图像如图乙所示。滑块与平台间的动摩擦因数为 0.3 ,重力加速度 g= 10m/s 2 。则下列说法正确的是( )
A .滑块在平台上滑行的距离 d= 24m
B .滑块在平台上滑行的距离 d= 2m
C .平台离地的高度 h= lm
D .平台离地的高度 h= 2m
某校同学设计一个如图所示的 “ 蝴蝶形图案(阴影区域) ” ,其中 A , B , C , D 是抛物线 上的四个不同的点,且
(点 A 、 B 在第二象限,且点 A 在点 B 的左上方). AC 、 BD 交于点
.点
为 y 轴上一点,记
,其中
为锐角.设线段 AF 的长为 m .
( 1 )用 m 与 表示点 A 的横坐标;
( 2 )将 m 表示为 的函数;
( 3 )求 “ 蝴蝶形图案 ” 面积的最小值,并指出取最小值时 的大小?
《魏书 .任城王传》记载:“但国家兴自北土,徙居平城,虽富有四海,文轨未一,此间用武之地,非可文治,移风易俗,信为甚难。崤函帝宅,河洛王里,因兹大举,光宅中原...”据材料可知,下列说法不属于孝文帝迁都的原因是
A . 平城文化落后 B . 北方各民族交融加强
C . 平城中守旧势力强大 D . 洛阳是中原政治文化中心
下列物质能用作氮肥的是
A . KCl B . K 2 CO 3 C . NH 4 Cl D . Ca 3 ( PO 4 ) 2
图中曲线分别表示相同温度下,压强为 P 1 、 P 2 条件下发生可逆反应: mX(g)+nY(g) 2Z(g)+W(s) 的过程。下列说法不正确的是( )
A . P 1 >P 2 B . m+n=2
C . m+n=3 D . P 1 、 P 2 下平衡常数相同
(2019·江苏中考模拟)先化简,然后a在﹣1、1、2三个数中任选一个合适的数代入求值.
为实现民族独立、国家富强和人民幸福,中国人民进行了英勇奋斗和艰苦探索。
结合所学知识,回答下列问题。
【一代伟人】
(1)孙中山领导的资产阶级革命的指导思想是什么?
(2)毛泽东领导中国人民开眸的中国革命道路是什么?由周恩来提出的成为处理回与国之间关系的基本准则是什么?
(3)以邓小平为核心的党的第二代中央领导集体是在那次会议上形成的?中共十五大确立的党的指导思想是什么?
【爱国将领】
(4)写出在东北地区抗击日本侵略者的爱国将领一位。
【时代楷模】
(5)写出全面的社会主义建设事业开始后,涌现出的英雄模范人物一位。
【薪火相传】
(6)使命呼唤担当,我们青少年应该如何肩负起历史赋予的责任?